{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T22:53:06Z","timestamp":1788994386192,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,24]],"date-time":"2023-02-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1677196800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Increased angiogenesis, especially the pathological type, has been documented in Alzheimer\u2019s disease (AD) brains, and it is considered to be activated due to a vascular dysfunction-mediated hypoxic condition. To understand the role of the amyloid \u03b2 (A\u03b2) peptide in angiogenesis, we analyzed its effects on the brains of young APP transgenic AD model mice. Immunostaining results revealed that A\u03b2 was mainly localized intracellularly, with very few immunopositive vessels, and there was no extracellular deposition at this age. Solanum tuberosum lectin staining demonstrated that compared to their wild-type littermates, the vessel number was only increased in the cortex of J20 mice. CD105 staining also showed an increased number of new vessels in the cortex, some of which were partially positive for collagen4. Real-time PCR results demonstrated that placental growth factor (PlGF) and angiopoietin 2 (AngII) mRNA were increased in both the cortex and hippocampus of J20 mice compared to their wild-type littermates. However, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) mRNA did not change. Immunofluorescence staining confirmed the increased expression of PlGF and AngII in the cortex of the J20 mice. Neuronal cells were positive for PlGF and AngII. Treatment of a neural stem cell line (NMW7) with synthetic A\u03b21\u201342 directly increased the expression of PlGF and AngII, at mRNA levels, and AngII at protein levels. Thus, these pilot data indicate that pathological angiogenesis exists in AD brains due to the direct effects of early A\u03b2 accumulation, suggesting that the A\u03b2 peptide regulates angiogenesis through PlGF and AngII expression.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24054510","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,27]],"date-time":"2023-02-27T03:23:36Z","timestamp":1677468216000},"page":"4510","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Alzheimer\u2019s Amyloid \u03b2 Peptide Induces Angiogenesis in an Alzheimer\u2019s Disease Model Mouse through Placental Growth Factor and Angiopoietin 2 Expressions"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1221-7787","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abdullah Md.","family":"Sheikh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shimane University School of Medicine, 89-1 Enya Cho, Izumo 693-8501, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9210-2949","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shozo","family":"Yano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shimane University School of Medicine, 89-1 Enya Cho, Izumo 693-8501, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shatera","family":"Tabassum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shimane University School of Medicine, 89-1 Enya Cho, Izumo 693-8501, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0715-3694","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shingo","family":"Mitaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Shimane University School of Medicine, 89-1 Enya Cho, Izumo 693-8501, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Makoto","family":"Michikawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9280-8044","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Atsushi","family":"Nagai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shimane University School of Medicine, 89-1 Enya Cho, Izumo 693-8501, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Shimane University School of Medicine, 89-1 Enya Cho, Izumo 693-8501, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Rowland, L.P., Pedley, T.A., and Merritt, H.H. 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