{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,23]],"date-time":"2026-02-23T02:32:31Z","timestamp":1771813951422,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":73,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,4]],"date-time":"2023-03-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1677888000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Centre for Research and Development (NCBR) Poland","award":["TANGO-V-A\/0001\/2021-00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TANGO-V-A\/0001\/2021-00"]}]},{"name":"Innovation of the Jagiellonian University of CTT CITTRU funds","award":["TANGO-V-A\/0001\/2021-00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TANGO-V-A\/0001\/2021-00"]}]},{"name":"Faculty of Chemistry under the Strategic Programme Excellence Initiative at Jagiellonian University","award":["TANGO-V-A\/0001\/2021-00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TANGO-V-A\/0001\/2021-00"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Alendronate (ALN) is the most commonly prescribed oral nitrogen-containing bisphosphonate for osteoporosis therapy. However, its administration is associated with serious side effects. Therefore, the drug delivery systems (DDS) enabling local administration and localized action of that drug are still of great importance. Herein, a novel multifunctional DDS system based on the hydroxyapatite-decorated mesoporous silica particles (MSP-NH2-HAp-ALN) embedded into collagen\/chitosan\/chondroitin sulfate hydrogel for simultaneous osteoporosis treatment and bone regeneration is proposed. In such a system, the hydrogel serves as a carrier for the controlled delivery of ALN at the site of implantation, thus limiting potential adverse effects. The involvement of MSP-NH2-HAp-ALN in the crosslinking process was established, as well as the ability of hybrids to be used as injectable systems. We have shown that the attachment of MSP-NH2-HAp-ALN to the polymeric matrix provides a prolonged ALN release (up to 20 days) and minimizes the initial burst effect. It was revealed that obtained composites are effective osteoconductive materials capable of supporting the osteoblast-like cell (MG-63) functions and inhibiting osteoclast-like cell (J7741.A) proliferation in vitro. The purposely selected biomimetic composition of these materials (biopolymer hydrogel enriched with the mineral phase) allows their biointegration (in vitro study in the simulated body fluid) and delivers the desired physicochemical features (mechanical, wettability, swellability). Furthermore, the antibacterial activity of the composites in in vitro experiments was also demonstrated.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24054959","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,6]],"date-time":"2023-03-06T03:49:08Z","timestamp":1678074548000},"page":"4959","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Towards Controlling the Local Bone Tissue Remodeling\u2014Multifunctional Injectable Composites for Osteoporosis Treatment"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4518-1090","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joanna","family":"Klara","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Krak\u00f3w, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sylwia","family":"Onak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Krak\u00f3w, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9129-4627","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrzej","family":"Kowalczyk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Krak\u00f3w, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2258-4233","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wojciech","family":"Horak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Machine Design and Technology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Robotics, AGH University of Science and Technology, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krak\u00f3w, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kinga","family":"W\u00f3jcik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Krak\u00f3w, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5447-4936","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joanna","family":"Lewandowska-\u0141a\u0144cucka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Krak\u00f3w, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-804254-0.00004-1","article-title":"The Skeleton","volume":"2019","author":"Carlson","year":"2019","journal-title":"Hum. 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