{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]],"date-time":"2026-08-21T12:49:10Z","timestamp":1787316550923,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,10]],"date-time":"2023-03-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1678406400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Shimane University Grants for Joint Research Project"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The cytosolic carboxypeptidase (CCP) 1 protein, encoded by CCP1, is expressed in cerebellar Purkinje cells (PCs). The dysfunction of CCP1 protein (caused by CCP1 point mutation) and the deletion of CCP1 protein (caused by CCP1 gene knockout) all lead to the degeneration of cerebellar PCs, which leads to cerebellar ataxia. Thus, two CCP1 mutants (i.e., Ataxia and Male Sterility [AMS] mice and Nna1 knockout [KO] mice) are used as disease models. We investigated the cerebellar CCP1 distribution in wild-type (WT), AMS and Nna1 KO mice on postnatal days (P) 7\u201328 to investigate the differential effects of CCP protein deficiency and disorder on cerebellar development. Immunohistochemical and immunofluorescence studies revealed significant differences in the cerebellar CCP1 expression in WT and mutant mice of P7 and P15, but no significant difference between AMS and Nna1 KO mice. Electron microscopy showed slight abnormality in the nuclear membrane structure of PCs in the AMS and Nna1 KO mice at P15 and significant abnormality with depolymerization and fragmentation of microtubule structure at P21. Using two CCP1 mutant mice strains, we revealed the morphological changes of PCs at postnatal stages and indicated that CCP1 played an important role in cerebellar development, most likely via polyglutamylation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24065335","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,13]],"date-time":"2023-03-13T05:36:21Z","timestamp":1678685781000},"page":"5335","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["CCP1, a Regulator of Tubulin Post-Translational Modifications, Potentially Plays an Essential Role in Cerebellar Development"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Bo","family":"Pang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Organ Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, 89-1 Enya, Izumo 693-8501, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2185-4828","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Asuka","family":"Araki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pathology Division, Shimane University Hospital, Izumo 693-8501, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cellular Neurobiology, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8585, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4493-6604","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hirohide","family":"Takebayashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8510, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takayuki","family":"Harada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Organ Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, 89-1 Enya, Izumo 693-8501, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kyuichi","family":"Kadota","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pathology Division, Shimane University Hospital, Izumo 693-8501, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1904","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1068912","article-title":"Purkinje cell degeneration (pcd) phenotypes caused by mutations in the axotomy-induced gene, Nna1","volume":"295","year":"2002","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1016\/S0361-9230(98)00076-8","article-title":"Rate of neuronal fallout in a transsynaptic cerebellar model","volume":"47","author":"Triarhou","year":"1998","journal-title":"Brain Res. 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