{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T12:33:16Z","timestamp":1791549196694,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":225,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,12]],"date-time":"2023-03-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1678579200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Grant Agency of the Ministry of Education, Science, Research and Sport of the Slovak Republic and the Slovak Academy of Sciences","award":["VEGA 2\/0018\/21"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["VEGA 2\/0018\/21"]}]},{"name":"Grant Agency of the Ministry of Education, Science, Research and Sport of the Slovak Republic and the Slovak Academy of Sciences","award":["VEGA 2\/0008\/20"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["VEGA 2\/0008\/20"]}]},{"name":"Grant Agency of the Ministry of Education, Science, Research and Sport of the Slovak Republic and the Slovak Academy of Sciences","award":["ITMS 262301120009"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ITMS 262301120009"]}]},{"name":"European Fund for Regional Development","award":["VEGA 2\/0018\/21"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["VEGA 2\/0018\/21"]}]},{"name":"European Fund for Regional Development","award":["VEGA 2\/0008\/20"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["VEGA 2\/0008\/20"]}]},{"name":"European Fund for Regional Development","award":["ITMS 262301120009"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ITMS 262301120009"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Dantrolene is an intra-cellularly acting skeletal muscle relaxant used for the treatment of the rare genetic disorder, malignant hyperthermia (MH). In most cases, MH susceptibility is caused by dysfunction of the skeletal ryanodine receptor (RyR1) harboring one of nearly 230 single-point MH mutations. The therapeutic effect of dantrolene is the result of a direct inhibitory action on the RyR1 channel, thus suppressing aberrant Ca2+ release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum. Despite the almost identical dantrolene-binding sequence exits in all three mammalian RyR isoforms, dantrolene appears to be an isoform-selective inhibitor. Whereas RyR1 and RyR3 channels are competent to bind dantrolene, the RyR2 channel, predominantly expressed in the heart, is unresponsive. However, a large body of evidence suggests that the RyR2 channel becomes sensitive to dantrolene-mediated inhibition under certain pathological conditions. Although a consistent picture of the dantrolene effect emerges from in vivo studies, in vitro results are often contradictory. Hence, our goal in this perspective is to provide the best possible clues to the molecular mechanism of dantrolene\u2019s action on RyR isoforms by identifying and discussing potential sources of conflicting results, mainly coming from cell-free experiments. Moreover, we propose that, specifically in the case of the RyR2 channel, its phosphorylation could be implicated in acquiring the channel responsiveness to dantrolene inhibition, interpreting functional findings in the structural context.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24065409","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,13]],"date-time":"2023-03-13T05:36:21Z","timestamp":1678685781000},"page":"5409","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Molecular Aspects Implicated in Dantrolene Selectivity with Respect to Ryanodine Receptor Isoforms"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Jana","family":"Gaburjakova","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Molecular Physiology and Genetics, Centre of Biosciences, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 840 05 Bratislava, Slovakia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9300-0688","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marta","family":"Gaburjakova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Molecular Physiology and Genetics, Centre of Biosciences, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 840 05 Bratislava, Slovakia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1115","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.032427999","article-title":"Calcium signaling: A tale for all seasons","volume":"99","author":"Carafoli","year":"2002","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm1155","article-title":"Calcium signalling: Dynamics, homeostasis and remodelling","volume":"4","author":"Berridge","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-physiol-020911-153308","article-title":"Cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium leak: Basis and roles in cardiac dysfunction","volume":"76","author":"Bers","year":"2014","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1969","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.117.310083","article-title":"Calcium signaling and cardiac arrhythmias","volume":"120","author":"Landstrom","year":"2017","journal-title":"Circ. Res."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S487","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-2010-100306","article-title":"Neuronal calcium signaling, mitochondrial dysfunction and Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"20","author":"Supnet","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Alzheimer\u2019s Dis."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1242\/dmm.028738","article-title":"The role of Ca2+ signaling in Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"10","author":"Zaichick","year":"2017","journal-title":"Dis. Model. Mech."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(01)00190-8","article-title":"Calcium stores in hippocampal synaptic boutons mediate short-term plasticity, store-operated Ca2+ entry, and spontaneous transmitter release","volume":"29","author":"Emptage","year":"2001","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15055","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0905110106","article-title":"Differential distribution of endoplasmic reticulum controls metabotropic signaling and plasticity at hippocampal synapses","volume":"106","author":"Holbro","year":"2009","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-007-2888-2_9","article-title":"Ryanodine receptor physiology and its role in disease","volume":"740","author":"Lanner","year":"2012","journal-title":"Adv. Exp. Med. Biol."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2016.10.005","article-title":"Stabilizing ryanodine receptor gating quiets arrhythmogenic events in human heart failure and atrial fibrillation","volume":"14","author":"Bers","year":"2017","journal-title":"Heart Rhythm."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1687","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbamcr.2018.07.011","article-title":"Ryanodine receptor dysfunction in human disorders","volume":"1865","author":"Kushnir","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1080\/14728222.2020.1708326","article-title":"Targeting pathological leak of ryanodine receptors: Preclinical progress and the potential impact on treatments for cardiac arrhythmias and heart failure","volume":"24","author":"Connell","year":"2020","journal-title":"Expert Opin. Ther. Targets"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1085\/jgp.118.3.277","article-title":"Functional effects of central core disease mutations in the cytoplasmic region of the skeletal muscle ryanodine receptor","volume":"118","author":"Avila","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Gen. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Szentandr\u00e1ssy, N., Magyar, Z.\u00c9., Hevesi, J., B\u00e1ny\u00e1sz, T., N\u00e1n\u00e1si, P.P., and Alm\u00e1ssy, J. (2022). Therapeutic approaches of ryanodine receptor-associated heart diseases. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 23.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23084435"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Saljic, A., Heijman, J., and Dobrev, D. (2022). Emerging antiarrhythmic drugs for atrial fibrillation. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 23.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23084096"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2044.2004.03658.x","article-title":"Dantrolene--a review of its pharmacology, therapeutic use and new developments","volume":"59","author":"Krause","year":"2004","journal-title":"Anaesthesia"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/34.6.395","article-title":"Anaesthetic deaths in a family","volume":"34","author":"Denborough","year":"1962","journal-title":"Br. J. Anaesth."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1021\/bi001502s","article-title":"The skeletal muscle ryanodine receptor identified as a molecular target of [3H]azidodantrolene by photoaffinity labeling","volume":"40","author":"Palnitkar","year":"2001","journal-title":"Biochemistry"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"905","DOI":"10.1042\/BJ20041336","article-title":"Probing a putative dantrolene-binding site on the cardiac ryanodine receptor","volume":"387","author":"Yamamoto","year":"2005","journal-title":"Biochem. J."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2044.1975.tb00862.x","article-title":"The cardiovascular effects of dantrolene sodium in dogs","volume":"30","author":"Ellis","year":"1975","journal-title":"Anaesthesia"},{"key":"ref_21","first-page":"118","article-title":"A comparison of skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscle actions of dantrolene sodium--a skeletal muscle relaxant","volume":"224","author":"Ellis","year":"1976","journal-title":"Arch. Int. Pharmacodyn. Ther."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1130","DOI":"10.1126\/science.959824","article-title":"Calcium release from skeletal muscle sarcoplasmic reticulum: Site of action of dantrolene sodium?","volume":"193","year":"1976","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-199701000-00025","article-title":"In vitro effects of dantrolene on rat myocardium","volume":"86","author":"Fratea","year":"1997","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"628","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-7158.1977.tb11419.x","article-title":"The effects of dantrolene sodium on isolated skeletal, smooth and cardiac muscle of the guinea-pig","volume":"29","author":"Bowman","year":"1977","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_25","first-page":"202","article-title":"Site of action of dantrolene in frog sartorius muscle","volume":"189","author":"Putney","year":"1974","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"728","DOI":"10.1038\/252728a0","article-title":"Effect of dantrolene sodium on calcium movements in single muscle fibres","volume":"252","author":"Hainaut","year":"1974","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-198310000-00002","article-title":"Dantrolene dose response in awake man: Implications for management of malignant hyperthermia","volume":"59","author":"Flewellen","year":"1983","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1085\/jgp.118.4.355","article-title":"Effects of dantrolene on steps of excitation-contraction coupling in mammalian skeletal muscle fibers","volume":"118","author":"Szentesi","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Gen. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26965","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.272.43.26965","article-title":"Dantrolene inhibition of sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ release by direct and specific action at skeletal muscle ryanodine receptors","volume":"272","author":"Fruen","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13810","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M006104200","article-title":"Dantrolene inhibition of ryanodine receptor Ca2+ release channels. Molecular mechanism and isoform selectivity","volume":"276","author":"Zhao","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1993","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2009.01.065","article-title":"Dantrolene, a therapeutic agent for malignant hyperthermia, markedly improves the function of failing cardiomyocytes by stabilizing interdomain interactions within the ryanodine receptor","volume":"53","author":"Kobayashi","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2579","DOI":"10.1253\/circj.CJ-10-0680","article-title":"Dantrolene, a therapeutic agent for malignant hyperthermia, inhibits catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia in a RyR2R2474S\/+ knock-in mouse model","volume":"74","author":"Kobayashi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Circ. J."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1002\/emmm.201100194","article-title":"Dantrolene rescues arrhythmogenic RYR2 defect in a patient-specific stem cell model of catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia","volume":"4","author":"Jung","year":"2012","journal-title":"EMBO Mol. Med."},{"key":"ref_34","first-page":"H953","article-title":"Dantrolene prevents arrhythmogenic Ca2+ release in heart failure","volume":"302","author":"Maxwell","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hroo.2021.08.008","article-title":"Cardioprotective effects of dantrolene in doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy in mice","volume":"2","author":"Azam","year":"2021","journal-title":"Heart Rhythm. O2"},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2918","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.293.23.2918","article-title":"Malignant hyperthermia: Update on susceptibility testing","volume":"293","author":"Litman","year":"2005","journal-title":"JAMA J. Am. Med. Assoc."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0b013e318190bb08","article-title":"Trends and outcomes of malignant hyperthermia in the United States, 2000 to 2005","volume":"110","author":"Rosero","year":"2009","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"668","DOI":"10.2174\/1871527317666180619162649","article-title":"Dantrolene: From malignant hyperthermia to Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"18","author":"Shi","year":"2019","journal-title":"CNS Neurol. Disord. Drug Targets"},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1197","DOI":"10.1007\/s00439-020-02199-3","article-title":"The Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD\u00ae): Optimizing its use in a clinical diagnostic or research setting","volume":"139","author":"Stenson","year":"2020","journal-title":"Hum. Genet."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1042\/bj3180477","article-title":"The human cardiac muscle ryanodine receptor-calcium release channel: Identification, primary structure and topological analysis","volume":"318","author":"Tunwell","year":"1996","journal-title":"Biochem. J."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8683","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.86.22.8683","article-title":"Molecular cloning and characterization of the ryanodine receptor\/junctional channel complex cDNA from skeletal muscle sarcoplasmic reticulum","volume":"86","author":"Marks","year":"1989","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/S0005-2736(00)00195-4","article-title":"Comparative analysis of the isoform expression pattern of Ca2+-regulatory membrane proteins in fast-twitch, slow-twitch, cardiac, neonatal and chronic low-frequency stimulated muscle fibers","volume":"1466","author":"Froemming","year":"2000","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta"},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-5793(90)80399-4","article-title":"Primary structure and functional expression from cDNA of the cardiac ryanodine receptor\/calcium release channel","volume":"271","author":"Nakai","year":"1990","journal-title":"FEBS Lett."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13472","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)77371-7","article-title":"Molecular cloning of cDNA encoding the Ca2+ release channel (ryanodine receptor) of rabbit cardiac muscle sarcoplasmic reticulum","volume":"265","author":"Otsu","year":"1990","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-5793(92)80941-9","article-title":"Primary structure and distribution of a novel ryanodine receptor\/calcium release channel from rabbit brain","volume":"312","author":"Hakamata","year":"1992","journal-title":"FEBS Lett."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1320290","article-title":"Expression of a ryanodine receptor-Ca2+ channel that is regulated by TGF-\u03b2","volume":"257","author":"Giannini","year":"1992","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"893","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.128.5.893","article-title":"The ryanodine receptor\/calcium channel genes are widely and differentially expressed in murine brain and peripheral tissues","volume":"128","author":"Giannini","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Cell Biol."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4794","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.14-08-04794.1994","article-title":"Multiple types of ryanodine receptor\/Ca2+ release channels are differentially expressed in rabbit brain","volume":"14","author":"Furuichi","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"977","DOI":"10.1002\/humu.20356","article-title":"Mutations in RYR1 in malignant hyperthermia and central core disease","volume":"27","author":"Robinson","year":"2006","journal-title":"Hum. Mutat."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"438","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-0004.2010.01493.x","article-title":"Novel missense mutations and unexpected multiple changes of RYR1 gene in 75 malignant hyperthermia families","volume":"79","author":"Tammaro","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin. Genet."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1038\/ng0993-46","article-title":"A mutation in the human ryanodine receptor gene associated with central core disease","volume":"5","author":"Zhang","year":"1993","journal-title":"Nat. Genet."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2341","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awg244","article-title":"Dominant and recessive central core disease associated with RYR1 mutations and fetal akinesia","volume":"126","author":"Romero","year":"2003","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e33","DOI":"10.1136\/jmg.2003.014274","article-title":"RYR1 mutations in UK central core disease patients: More than just the C-terminal transmembrane region of the RYR1 gene","volume":"41","author":"Shepherd","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Med. Genet."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1930","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000188870.37076.f2","article-title":"Minicore myopathy with ophthalmoplegia caused by mutations in the ryanodine receptor type 1 gene","volume":"65","author":"Jungbluth","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2791","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddl221","article-title":"Characterization of recessive RYR1 mutations in core myopathies","volume":"15","author":"Zhou","year":"2006","journal-title":"Hum. Mol. Genet."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1094","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.12713","article-title":"RYR1-related myopathies: A wide spectrum of phenotypes throughout life","volume":"22","author":"Snoeck","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur. J. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"a003996","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a003996","article-title":"Ryanodine receptors: Structure, expression, molecular details, and function in calcium release","volume":"2","author":"Lanner","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cold Spring Harb. Perspect. Biol."},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bauerov\u00e1-Hlinkov\u00e1, V., Hajd\u00fachov\u00e1, D., and Bauer, J.A. (2020). Structure and function of the human ryanodine receptors and their association with myopathies\u2014Present state, challenges, and perspectives. Molecules, 23.","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules25184040"},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ceca.2004.08.001","article-title":"Intracellular Ca2+ dynamics in malignant hyperthermia and central core disease: Established concepts, new cellular mechanisms involved","volume":"37","author":"Avila","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cell Calcium"},{"key":"ref_60","first-page":"2024","article-title":"Molecular mechanisms and phenotypic variation in RYR1-related congenital myopathies","volume":"130","author":"Zhou","year":"2007","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20813","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M801944200","article-title":"Reduced threshold for luminal Ca2+ activation of RyR1 underlies a causal mechanism of porcine malignant hyperthermia","volume":"283","author":"Jiang","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1124\/mol.110.067959","article-title":"Functional and biochemical properties of ryanodine receptor type 1 channels from heterozygous R163C malignant hyperthermia-susceptible mice","volume":"79","author":"Feng","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mol. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"885","DOI":"10.1007\/s13311-018-00677-1","article-title":"Ryanodine receptor 1-related myopathies: Diagnostic and therapeutic approaches","volume":"15","author":"Lawal","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neurotherapeutics"},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1040","DOI":"10.1007\/s12630-014-0227-5","article-title":"Clinical significance of ryanodine receptor 1 gene (RYR1) variants: Proceedings of the 2013 MHAUS scientific conference","volume":"61","author":"Riazi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Can. J. Anaesth."},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1038\/s10038-020-0738-6","article-title":"Classification and correlation of RYR2 missense variants in individuals with catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia reveals phenotypic relationships","volume":"65","author":"Olubando","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Hum. Genet."},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"897494","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2022.897494","article-title":"Structural insight into ryanodine receptor channelopathies","volume":"13","author":"Hadiatullah","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.103.2.196","article-title":"Mutations in the cardiac ryanodine receptor gene (hRyR2) underlie catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia","volume":"103","author":"Priori","year":"2001","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1080\/17431380410032599","article-title":"Genes, exercise and sudden death: Molecular basis of familial catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia","volume":"36","author":"Laitinen","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ann. Med."},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/10.3.189","article-title":"Identification of mutations in the cardiac ryanodine receptor gene in families affected with arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy type 2 (ARVD2)","volume":"10","author":"Tiso","year":"2001","journal-title":"Hum. Mol. Genet."},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"496","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cardiores.2006.04.004","article-title":"Composite polymorphisms in the ryanodine receptor 2 gene associated with arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy","volume":"71","author":"Milting","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. Res."},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2119","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000144471.98080.CA","article-title":"Spectrum and frequency of cardiac channel defects in swimming-triggered arrhythmia syndromes","volume":"110","author":"Choi","year":"2004","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2014.11.119","article-title":"Short-coupled polymorphic ventricular tachycardia at rest linked to a novel ryanodine receptor (RyR2) mutation: Leaky RyR2 channels under non-stress conditions","volume":"180","author":"Cheung","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2006.08.115","article-title":"Ryanodine receptors and ventricular arrhythmias: Emerging trends in mutations, mechanisms and therapies","volume":"42","author":"George","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Mol. Cell. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1007\/s11427-014-4778-z","article-title":"Arrhythmogenic mechanisms in ryanodine receptor channelopathies","volume":"58","author":"Zhao","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sci. China Life Sci."},{"key":"ref_75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2817","DOI":"10.1113\/JP276757","article-title":"Molecular and tissue mechanisms of catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia","volume":"598","author":"Wleklinski","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"983","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.94.5.983","article-title":"Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy. Dysplasia, dystrophy, or myocarditis?","volume":"94","author":"Basso","year":"1996","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1186\/1750-1172-2-45","article-title":"Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy\/dysplasia","volume":"2","author":"Thiene","year":"2007","journal-title":"Orphanet J. Rare Dis."},{"key":"ref_78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1190","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199610173351604","article-title":"Evidence of apoptosis in arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia","volume":"335","author":"Mallat","year":"1996","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_79","first-page":"479","article-title":"In vivo evidence of apoptosis in arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy","volume":"152","author":"Valente","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am. J. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8339","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-08655-x","article-title":"Genomic characteristics of gender dysphoria patients and identification of rare mutations in RYR3 gene","volume":"7","author":"Yang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"818","DOI":"10.1093\/ajh\/hpy046","article-title":"Polymorphisms within RYR3 gene are associated with risk and age at onset of hypertension, diabetes, and Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"31","author":"Gong","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am. J. Hypertens."},{"key":"ref_82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"862","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI111057","article-title":"Abnormality in calcium release from skeletal sarcoplasmic reticulum of pigs susceptible to malignant hyperthermia","volume":"72","author":"Nelson","year":"1983","journal-title":"J. Clin. Investig."},{"key":"ref_83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9413","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(17)36895-3","article-title":"The point mutation Arg615\u2192Cys in the Ca2+ release channel of skeletal sarcoplasmic reticulum is responsible for hypersensitivity to caffeine and halothane in malignant hyperthermia","volume":"269","author":"Otsu","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5256","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.272.8.5256","article-title":"Functional characterization of a distinct ryanodine receptor mutation in human malignant hyperthermia susceptible muscle","volume":"272","author":"Richter","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"588","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-199204000-00016","article-title":"Halothane effects on human malignant hyperthermia skeletal muscle single calcium-release channels in planar lipid bilayers","volume":"76","author":"Nelson","year":"1992","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"ref_86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-291X(05)80850-2","article-title":"Volatile anesthetics selectively alter [3H]ryanodine binding to skeletal and cardiac ryanodine receptors","volume":"186","author":"Connelly","year":"1992","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"ref_87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-5793(83)80739-X","article-title":"Calcium-induced Ca2+ release from sarcoplasmic reticulum of pigs susceptible to malignant hyperthermia. The effects of halothane and dantrolene","volume":"161","author":"Ohnishi","year":"1983","journal-title":"FEBS Lett."},{"key":"ref_88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-2736(85)90165-8","article-title":"Effect of halothane on Ca2+-induced Ca2+ release from sarcoplasmic reticulum vesicles isolated from rat skeletal muscle","volume":"821","author":"Beeler","year":"1985","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta"},{"key":"ref_89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"C1103","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.90642.2007","article-title":"Halothane modulation of skeletal muscle ryanodine receptors: Dependence on Ca2+, Mg2+ and ATP","volume":"294","author":"Porta","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"548","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/44.6.548","article-title":"A comparison of arterial and arterialized venous concentrations of halothane","volume":"44","author":"Davies","year":"1972","journal-title":"Br. J. Anaesth."},{"key":"ref_91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"856","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-199909000-00039","article-title":"On the relevance of \u2018clinically relevant concentrations\u2019 of inhaled anesthetics in in vitro experiments","volume":"91","author":"Eckenhoff","year":"1999","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"ref_92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0000000000001519","article-title":"Cardiac calcium release channel (ryanodine receptor 2) regulation by halogenated anesthetics","volume":"126","author":"Laver","year":"2017","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"ref_93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2003.046623","article-title":"Mg2+ dependence of halothane-induced Ca2+ release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum in rat skeletal muscle","volume":"551","author":"Duke","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/ael179","article-title":"Mg2+ dependence of Ca2+ release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum induced by sevoflurane or halothane in skeletal muscle from humans susceptible to malignant hyperthermia","volume":"97","author":"Duke","year":"2006","journal-title":"Br. J. Anaesth."},{"key":"ref_95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1339","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-200412000-00014","article-title":"Mg2+ dependence of halothane-induced Ca2+ release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum in skeletal muscle from humans susceptible to malignant hyperthermia","volume":"101","author":"Duke","year":"2004","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"ref_96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299312","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7793.2000.00299.x","article-title":"Effects of Mg2+ on Ca2+ release from sarcoplasmic reticulum of skeletal muscle fibres from yabby (crustacean) and rat","volume":"526","author":"Launikonis","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-199207000-00017","article-title":"The effects of volatile anesthetics on calcium regulation by malignant hyperthermia-susceptible sarcoplasmic reticulum","volume":"77","author":"Louis","year":"1992","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"ref_98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.2011.04092.x","article-title":"How should hypomagnesaemia be investigated and treated?","volume":"75","author":"Ayuk","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin. Endocrinol."},{"key":"ref_99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"C203","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.1997.272.1.C203","article-title":"Reduced Mg2+ inhibition of Ca2+ release in muscle fibers of pigs susceptible to malignant hyperthermia","volume":"272","author":"Owen","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-2736(86)90234-8","article-title":"Enhanced Ca2+-induced calcium release by isolated sarcoplasmic reticulum vesicles from malignant hyperthermia susceptible pig muscle","volume":"862","author":"Mickelson","year":"1986","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta"},{"key":"ref_101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1913","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3495(97)78222-5","article-title":"Reduced inhibitory effect of Mg2+ on ryanodine receptor-Ca2+ release channels in malignant hyperthermia","volume":"73","author":"Laver","year":"1997","journal-title":"Biophys. J."},{"key":"ref_102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"730","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/59.6.730","article-title":"Calcium and magnesium content of skeletal muscle. Studies in subjects undergoing diagnostic testing for malignant hyperthermia","volume":"59","author":"Nelson","year":"1987","journal-title":"Br. J. Anaesth."},{"key":"ref_103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.2174\/1389450003349335","article-title":"Tandem pore domain K channels: An important site of volatile anesthetic action","volume":"1","author":"Yost","year":"2000","journal-title":"Curr. Drug Targets"},{"key":"ref_104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1722","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-200006000-00032","article-title":"Volatile anesthetics activate the human tandem pore domain baseline K+ channel KCNK5","volume":"92","author":"Gray","year":"2000","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"ref_105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"746","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3495(00)76632-X","article-title":"NMR study of volatile anesthetic binding to nicotinic acetylcholine receptors","volume":"78","author":"Xu","year":"2000","journal-title":"Biophys. J."},{"key":"ref_106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1681","DOI":"10.1529\/biophysj.107.116772","article-title":"NMR study of general anesthetic interaction with nAChR beta(2) subunit","volume":"94","author":"Bondarenko","year":"2008","journal-title":"Biophys. J."},{"key":"ref_107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11618","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.275.16.11618","article-title":"Postulated role of interdomain interaction within the ryanodine receptor in Ca(2+) channel regulation","volume":"275","author":"Yamamoto","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1492","DOI":"10.1021\/bi015581z","article-title":"Spectroscopic monitoring of local conformational changes during the intramolecular domain-domain interaction of the ryanodine receptor","volume":"41","author":"Yamamoto","year":"2002","journal-title":"Biochemistry"},{"key":"ref_109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1042\/bj20040112","article-title":"Antibody probe study of Ca2+ channel regulation by interdomain interaction within the ryanodine receptor","volume":"380","author":"Kobayashi","year":"2004","journal-title":"Biochem. J."},{"key":"ref_110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"C237","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.1991.261.2.C237","article-title":"Altered binding site for Ca2+ in the ryanodine receptor of human malignant hyperthermia","volume":"261","author":"Valdivia","year":"1991","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2008.02.042","article-title":"RyR1 S-nitrosylation underlies environmental heat stroke and sudden death in Y522S RyR1 knockin mice","volume":"133","author":"Durham","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"ref_112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"eabb2964","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.abb2964","article-title":"Structural mechanism of two gain-of-function cardiac and skeletal RyR mutations at an equivalent site by cryo-EM","volume":"6","author":"Iyer","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"key":"ref_113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"807","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-21141-3","article-title":"Pathological conformations of disease mutant Ryanodine Receptors revealed by cryo-EM","volume":"12","author":"Woll","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"ref_114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1085","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3495(91)82323-2","article-title":"Abnormal human sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ release channels in malignant hyperthermic skeletal muscle","volume":"59","author":"Fill","year":"1991","journal-title":"Biophys. J."},{"key":"ref_115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03015252","article-title":"Dantrolene- In vitro studies in malignant hyperthermia susceptible (MHS) and normal skeletal muscle","volume":"3","author":"Britt","year":"1984","journal-title":"Can. Anaesth. Soc. J."},{"key":"ref_116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.880110113","article-title":"Myoplasmic free [Ca2+] during a malignant hyperthermia episode in swine","volume":"11","author":"Lopez","year":"1988","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"key":"ref_117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"566","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/62.5.566","article-title":"Effect of diltiazem and dantrolene on the contractility of isolated malignant hyperpyrexia-susceptible porcine skeletal muscle","volume":"62","author":"Foster","year":"1989","journal-title":"Br. J. Anaesth."},{"key":"ref_118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1203","DOI":"10.1124\/mol.107.043299","article-title":"Enhanced excitation-coupled calcium entry in myotubes expressing malignant hyperthermia mutation R163C is attenuated by dantrolene","volume":"73","author":"Cherednichenko","year":"2008","journal-title":"Mol. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6580","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M408375200","article-title":"Dantrolene stabilizes domain interactions within the ryanodine receptor","volume":"280","author":"Kobayashi","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ceca.2014.05.004","article-title":"Characterization of ryanodine receptor type 1 single channel activity using \u201con-nucleus\u201d patch clamp","volume":"56","author":"Wagner","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cell Calcium"},{"key":"ref_121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1124\/mol.115.097691","article-title":"Essential role of calmodulin in RyR inhibition by dantrolene","volume":"88","author":"Oo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mol. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1124\/mol.119.116475","article-title":"Dantrolene requires Mg(2+) and ATP to inhibit the ryanodine receptor","volume":"96","author":"Magyar","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mol. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.4236\/pp.2012.33037","article-title":"Stability characterization, kinetics and mechanism of degradation of dantrolene in aqueous solution: Effect of pH and temperature","volume":"3","author":"Khan","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pharm. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"847","DOI":"10.1042\/bj3260847","article-title":"Pharmacological distinction between dantrolene and ryanodine binding sites: Evidence from normal and malignant hyperthermia-susceptible porcine skeletal muscle","volume":"326","author":"Palnitkar","year":"1997","journal-title":"Biochem. J."},{"key":"ref_125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-5793(80)80908-2","article-title":"Binding of Dantrolene sodium to muscle intracellular membranes","volume":"117","author":"Sengupta","year":"1980","journal-title":"FEBS Lett."},{"key":"ref_126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1695","DOI":"10.1213\/01.ANE.0000184184.40504.F3","article-title":"Compartmental pharmacokinetics of dantrolene in adults: Do malignant hyperthermia association dosing guidelines work?","volume":"101","author":"Podranski","year":"2005","journal-title":"Anesth. Analg."},{"key":"ref_127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1021\/bi00349a033","article-title":"Kinetics of rapid Ca2+ release by sarcoplasmic reticulum. Effects of Ca2+, Mg2+, and adenine nucleotides","volume":"25","author":"Meissner","year":"1986","journal-title":"Biochemistry"},{"key":"ref_128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00242517","article-title":"Biochemical characterisation of the Ca2+ release channel of skeletal and cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum","volume":"82","author":"Meissner","year":"1988","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Biochem."},{"key":"ref_129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"763","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2001.012775","article-title":"Regulation of the calcium release channel from rabbit skeletal muscle by the nucleotides ATP, AMP, IMP and adenosine","volume":"537","author":"Laver","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1991.sp018483","article-title":"Effect of Mg2+ on the control of Ca2+ release in skeletal muscle fibres of the toad","volume":"434","author":"Lamb","year":"1991","journal-title":"J. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_131","first-page":"270","article-title":"Importance of Mg2+ in excitation\u2013contraction coupling in skeletal muscle","volume":"7","author":"Lamb","year":"1992","journal-title":"News Physiol. Sci."},{"key":"ref_132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1994.sp020253","article-title":"Effects of intracellular pH and [Mg2+] on excitation\u2013contraction coupling in skeletal muscle fibres of the rat","volume":"478","author":"Lamb","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3495(95)79880-0","article-title":"Calmodulin activation and inhibition of skeletal muscle Ca2+ release channel (ryanodine receptor)","volume":"69","author":"Tripathy","year":"1995","journal-title":"Biophys. J."},{"key":"ref_134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7807","DOI":"10.1021\/bi0005660","article-title":"Regulation of RYR1 activity by Ca2+ and calmodulin","volume":"39","author":"Rodney","year":"2000","journal-title":"Biochemistry"},{"key":"ref_135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4615-0121-3_18","article-title":"Calmodulin and Ca2+-binding proteins (CaBPs): Variations on a theme","volume":"514","author":"Haeseleer","year":"2002","journal-title":"Adv. Exp. Med. Biol."},{"key":"ref_136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-197005000-00004","article-title":"Cardiovascular effects of halothane in man","volume":"32","author":"Eger","year":"1970","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"ref_137","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-197103000-00007","article-title":"A comparative study of the effects of five general anesthetics on myocardial contractility","volume":"34","author":"Brown","year":"1971","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"ref_138","first-page":"619","article-title":"Cardiovascular effects of enflurane anesthesia during controlled ventilation in man","volume":"57","author":"Calverley","year":"1978","journal-title":"Anesth. Analg."},{"key":"ref_139","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-198810000-00003","article-title":"Comparative effects of halothane, enflurane, and isoflurane at equipotent anesthetic concentrations on isolated ventricular myocardium of the ferret: I. Contractility","volume":"69","author":"Housmans","year":"1988","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"ref_140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-198903000-00023","article-title":"Depressant effects of the volatile anesthetics upon rat and amphibian ventricular myocardium: Insights into anesthetic mechanisms of action","volume":"70","author":"Lynch","year":"1989","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"ref_141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"694","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-199004000-00019","article-title":"Direct effect of halothane and isoflurane on the function of the sarcoplasmic reticulum","volume":"72","author":"Komai","year":"1990","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"ref_142","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-198810000-00019","article-title":"The effect of halothane on the free intracellular calcium concentration of isolated rat heart cells","volume":"69","author":"Wheeler","year":"1988","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"ref_143","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1075","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-199112000-00020","article-title":"Halothane alters control of intracellular Ca2+ mobilization in single rat ventricular myocytes","volume":"75","author":"Wilde","year":"1991","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"ref_144","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1990.sp018124","article-title":"Halothane increases Ca2+ efflux via Ca2+ channels of sarcoplasmic reticulum in chemically skinned rat myocardium","volume":"426","author":"Herland","year":"1990","journal-title":"J. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-199402000-00017","article-title":"Volatile anesthetic effects on sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca content and sarcolemmal Ca flux in isolated rat cardiac cell suspensions","volume":"80","author":"Wheeler","year":"1994","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"ref_146","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/82.5.723","article-title":"Concentration-dependent inotropic effects of halothane, isoflurane and sevoflurane on rat ventricular myocytes","volume":"82","author":"Davies","year":"1999","journal-title":"Br. J. Anaesth."},{"key":"ref_147","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1457","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-200206000-00027","article-title":"Effects of volatile anesthetics on sarcolemmal calcium transport and sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium content in isolated myocytes","volume":"96","author":"Hannon","year":"2002","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"ref_148","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-199408000-00025","article-title":"Activation of the Ca2+ release channel of cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum by volatile anesthetics","volume":"81","author":"Connelly","year":"1994","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"ref_149","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"899","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a134004","article-title":"The Ca-releasing action of halothane on fragmented sarcoplasmic reticulum","volume":"92","author":"Ogawa","year":"1982","journal-title":"J. Biochem."},{"key":"ref_150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"712","DOI":"10.4103\/ija.IJA_383_17","article-title":"Cardiac tachyarrhythmias and anaesthesia: General principles and focus on atrial fibrillation","volume":"61","author":"Parida","year":"2017","journal-title":"Indian J. Anaesth."},{"key":"ref_151","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-199308000-00019","article-title":"Evidence for an interaction of halothane with the L-type Ca2+ channel in human myocardium","volume":"79","author":"Schmidt","year":"1993","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"ref_152","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0b013e31822b7901","article-title":"Sevoflurane protects ventricular myocytes from Ca2+ paradox-mediated Ca2+ overload by blocking the activation of transient receptor potential canonical channels","volume":"115","author":"Kojima","year":"2011","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"ref_153","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"606","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0b013e318292ee52","article-title":"Sevoflurane protects ventricular myocytes against oxidative stress-induced cellular Ca2+ overload and hypercontracture","volume":"119","author":"Kojima","year":"2013","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"ref_154","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1255","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-199505000-00021","article-title":"Inhibition of sodium\/calcium exchange and calcium channels of heart cells by volatile anesthestics","volume":"82","author":"Haworth","year":"1995","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"ref_155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aes212","article-title":"Presence of store-operated Ca2+ entry in C57BL\/6J mouse ventricular myocytes and its suppression by sevoflurane","volume":"109","author":"Kojima","year":"2012","journal-title":"Br. J. Anaesth."},{"key":"ref_156","first-page":"362","article-title":"Mechanisms of control of skeletal-muscle contraction by dantrolene sodium","volume":"55","author":"Ellis","year":"1974","journal-title":"Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil."},{"key":"ref_157","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"857","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-2828(80)90056-5","article-title":"Effects of dantrolene sodium on the excitation-contraction coupling of the mammalian and amphibian cardiac muscle","volume":"12","author":"Hatae","year":"1980","journal-title":"J. Mol. Cell. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_158","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.2170\/jjphysiol.35.123","article-title":"Action of dantrolene sodium on electrical and mechanical activity of guinea-pig ventricular muscles","volume":"35","author":"Hiraoka","year":"1985","journal-title":"Jpn. J. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_159","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvu240","article-title":"Dantrolene rescues aberrant N-terminus intersubunit interactions in mutant pro-arrhythmic cardiac ryanodine receptors","volume":"105","author":"Seidel","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. Res."},{"key":"ref_160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34918","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M205487200","article-title":"Identification of a dantrolene-binding sequence on the skeletal muscle ryanodine receptor","volume":"277","author":"Yamamoto","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_161","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jjcc.2019.08.020","article-title":"A multicenter, randomized, double-blind, controlled study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of dantrolene on ventricular arrhythmia as well as mortality and morbidity in patients with chronic heart failure (SHO-IN trial): Rationale and design","volume":"75","author":"Kobayashi","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_162","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/S1388-9842(99)00017-3","article-title":"Dantrolene sodium improves the force-frequency relationship and beta-adregenic responsiveness in failing human myocardium","volume":"1","author":"Meissner","year":"1999","journal-title":"Eur. J. Heart Fail."},{"key":"ref_163","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-2999(03)01816-8","article-title":"Dantrolene: Effects on abnormal intracellular Ca2+ handling and inotropy in postinfarcted rat myocardium","volume":"471","author":"Min","year":"2003","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_164","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"875","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.113.005443","article-title":"Dantrolene improves survival after ventricular fibrillation by mitigating impaired calcium handling in animal models","volume":"129","author":"Zamiri","year":"2014","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hroo.2020.03.004","article-title":"Chronic dantrolene treatment attenuates cardiac dysfunction and reduces atrial fibrillation inducibility in a rat myocardial infarction heart failure model","volume":"1","author":"Nofi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Heart Rhythm. O2"},{"key":"ref_166","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Penttinen, K., Swan, H., Vanninen, S., Paavola, J., Lahtinen, A.M., Kontula, K., and Aalto-Set\u00e4l\u00e4, K. (2015). Antiarrhythmic effects of dantrolene in patients with catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia and replication of the responses using iPSC models. PLoS ONE, 10.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0134746"},{"key":"ref_167","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"682","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.111.023259","article-title":"Mutation-linked defective inter-domain interactions within ryanodine receptor cause aberrant Ca2+ release leading to catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia","volume":"124","author":"Suetomi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_168","first-page":"H818","article-title":"Dantrolene suppresses spontaneous Ca2+ release without altering excitation-contraction coupling in cardiomyocytes of aged mice","volume":"307","author":"Domeier","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_169","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1111\/jce.13412","article-title":"Ryanodine-receptor inhibition by dantrolene effectively suppresses ventricular arrhythmias in an ex vivo model of long-QT syndrome","volume":"29","author":"Frommeyer","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Cardiovasc. Electrophysiol."},{"key":"ref_170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2713","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.15775","article-title":"A carvedilol analogue, VK-II-86, prevents hypokalaemia-induced ventricular arrhythmia through novel multi-channel effects","volume":"179","author":"Robinson","year":"2022","journal-title":"Br. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_171","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1296","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2011.02.027","article-title":"Crossing signals: Relationships between \u03b2-adrenergic stimulation and CaMKII activation","volume":"8","author":"Grimm","year":"2011","journal-title":"Heart Rhythm."},{"key":"ref_172","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1311","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.114.300568","article-title":"Role of RyR2 phosphorylation in heart failure and arrhythmias: Controversies around ryanodine receptor phosphorylation in cardiac disease","volume":"114","author":"Dobrev","year":"2014","journal-title":"Circ. Res."},{"key":"ref_173","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1793","DOI":"10.1007\/s00424-020-02473-3","article-title":"Multisite phosphorylation of the cardiac ryanodine receptor: A random or coordinated event?","volume":"472","author":"Gaburjakova","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pflug. Arch."},{"key":"ref_174","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1201","DOI":"10.1016\/j.str.2012.04.015","article-title":"Disease mutations in the ryanodine receptor central region: Crystal structures of a phosphorylation hot spot domain","volume":"20","author":"Yuchi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Structure"},{"key":"ref_175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"896","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.0000102042.83024.CA","article-title":"What is the role of \u03b2-adrenergic signaling in heart failure?","volume":"93","author":"Lohse","year":"2003","journal-title":"Circ. Res."},{"key":"ref_176","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"799","DOI":"10.1007\/s10741-013-9417-4","article-title":"A pathway and network review on beta-adrenoceptor signaling and beta blockers in cardiac remodeling","volume":"19","author":"Yang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Heart Fail. Rev."},{"key":"ref_177","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1030","DOI":"10.2174\/1381612820666141029111240","article-title":"Chemistry, physiology, and pharmacology of \u03b2-adrenergic mechanisms in the heart. Why are \u03b2-blocker antiarrhythmics superior?","volume":"21","author":"Szentmiklosi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Curr. Pharm. Des."},{"key":"ref_178","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-2999(76)90120-5","article-title":"The effects of dantrolene sodium on cardiac and skeletal muscle in rats","volume":"39","author":"Meyler","year":"1976","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_179","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2020.01.107","article-title":"Stabilizing cardiac ryanodine receptor prevents the development of cardiac dysfunction and lethal arrhythmia in Ca2+\/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II\u03b4c transgenic mice","volume":"524","author":"Okuda","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"ref_180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1707","DOI":"10.1111\/jce.13737","article-title":"Essential role of ryanodine receptor 2 phosphorylation in the effect of azumolene on ventricular arrhythmia vulnerability in a rabbit heart model","volume":"29","author":"Si","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Cardiovasc. Electrophysiol."},{"key":"ref_181","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13062","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0402388101","article-title":"RyR2 mutations linked to ventricular tachycardia and sudden death reduce the threshold for store-overload-induced Ca2+ release (SOICR)","volume":"101","author":"Jiang","year":"2004","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_182","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1173","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.0000192146.85173.4b","article-title":"Enhanced store overload-induced Ca2+ release and channel sensitivity to luminal Ca2+ activation are common defects of RyR2 mutations linked to ventricular tachycardia and sudden death","volume":"97","author":"Jiang","year":"2005","journal-title":"Circ. Res."},{"key":"ref_183","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1042\/BJ20071287","article-title":"Endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ measurements reveal that the cardiac ryanodine receptor mutations linked to cardiac arrhythmia and sudden death alter the threshold for store-overload-induced Ca2+ release","volume":"412","author":"Jones","year":"2008","journal-title":"Biochem. J."},{"key":"ref_184","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1042\/BJ20130594","article-title":"The CPVT-associated RyR2 mutation G230C enhances store overload-induced Ca2+ release and destabilizes the N-terminal domains","volume":"454","author":"Liu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Biochem. J."},{"key":"ref_185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3208","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000132472.98675.EC","article-title":"Sudden death in familial polymorphic ventricular tachycardia associated with calcium release channel (ryanodine receptor) leak","volume":"109","author":"Lehnart","year":"2004","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_186","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.4161\/chan.4.4.12666","article-title":"Characterization of a novel mutation in the cardiac ryanodine receptor that results in catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia","volume":"4","author":"Jiang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Channels"},{"key":"ref_187","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.111.244970","article-title":"A novel ryanodine receptor mutation linked to sudden death increases sensitivity to cytosolic calcium","volume":"109","author":"Meli","year":"2011","journal-title":"Circ. Res."},{"key":"ref_188","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1111\/1440-1681.13722","article-title":"A gain of function ryanodine receptor 2 mutation (R1760W-RyR2) in catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia","volume":"59","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Pharmacol. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_189","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"830367","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2022.830367","article-title":"Molecular changes in the cardiac RyR2 with catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (CPVT)","volume":"13","author":"Dulhunty","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fowler, E.D., and Zissimopoulos, S. (2022). Molecular, subcellular, and arrhythmogenic mechanisms in genetic RyR2 disease. Biomolecules, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/biom12081030"},{"key":"ref_191","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"829","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(03)00434-3","article-title":"FKBP12.6 deficiency and defective calcium release channel (ryanodine receptor) function linked to exercise-induced sudden cardiac death","volume":"113","author":"Wehrens","year":"2003","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"ref_192","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"d671","DOI":"10.2741\/ikemoto","article-title":"Regulation of calcium release by interdomain interaction within ryanodine receptors","volume":"7","author":"Ikemoto","year":"2002","journal-title":"Front. Biosci."},{"key":"ref_193","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102327","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coph.2022.102327","article-title":"Three-dimensional perspective on ryanodine receptor mutations causing skeletal and cardiac muscle-related diseases","volume":"68","author":"Iyer","year":"2023","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_194","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"eabo1272","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.abo1272","article-title":"Structural analyses of human ryanodine receptor type 2 channels reveal the mechanisms for sudden cardiac death and treatment","volume":"8","author":"Miotto","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"key":"ref_195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4388","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI32726","article-title":"Phosphorylation of the ryanodine receptor mediates the cardiac fight or flight response in mice","volume":"120","author":"Shan","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Clin. Investig."},{"key":"ref_196","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"831","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.111.255158","article-title":"Hyperphosphorylation of the cardiac ryanodine receptor at Serine 2808 is not involved in cardiac dysfunction after myocardial infarction","volume":"110","author":"Zhang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Circ. Res."},{"key":"ref_197","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"eaai8842","DOI":"10.1126\/scisignal.aai8842","article-title":"A cryo-EM\u2013based model of phosphorylation- and FKBP12.6-mediated allosterism of the cardiac ryanodine receptor","volume":"10","author":"Dhindwal","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Signal."},{"key":"ref_198","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1038\/nature14063","article-title":"Structure of the rabbit ryanodine receptor RyR1 at near-atomic resolution","volume":"517","author":"Yan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_199","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-6147(93)90072-R","article-title":"Ryanodine receptors: How many, where and why?","volume":"141","author":"Sorrentino","year":"1993","journal-title":"Trends Pharmacol. Sci."},{"key":"ref_200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/28.1.235","article-title":"The Protein Data Bank","volume":"28","author":"Berman","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"ref_201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12202","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M110.194316","article-title":"Localization of the dantrolene-binding sequence near the FK506-binding protein-binding site in the three-dimensional structure of the ryanodine receptor","volume":"286","author":"Wang","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_202","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1374","DOI":"10.1161\/hc1102.105270","article-title":"Propranolol prevents the development of heart failure by restoring FKBP12.6-mediated stabilization of ryanodine receptor","volume":"105","author":"Doi","year":"2002","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_203","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000044917.74408.BE","article-title":"FKBP12.6-mediated stabilization of calcium-release channel (ryanodine receptor) as a novel therapeutic strategy against heart failure","volume":"107","author":"Yano","year":"2003","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Galfr\u00e9, E., Pitt, S.J., Venturi, E., Sitsapesan, M., Zaccai, N.R., Tsaneva-Atanasova, K., O\u2019Neill, S., and Sitsapesan, R. (2012). FKBP12 activates the cardiac ryanodine receptor Ca2+-release channel and is antagonised by FKBP12.6. PLoS ONE, 7.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0031956"},{"key":"ref_205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1267","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2004.08.032","article-title":"Calstabin deficiency, ryanodine receptors, and sudden cardiac death","volume":"322","author":"Lehnart","year":"2004","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"ref_206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2003.12.002","article-title":"Cellular basis of triggered arrhythmias in heart failure","volume":"14","author":"Pogwizd","year":"2004","journal-title":"Trends Cardiovasc. Med."},{"key":"ref_207","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2008.12.005","article-title":"What role does modulation of the ryanodine receptor play in cardiac inotropy and arrhythmogenesis?","volume":"46","author":"Eisner","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Mol. Cell Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(94)90214-3","article-title":"Stabilization of calcium release channel (ryanodine receptor) function by FK506-binding protein","volume":"77","author":"Brillantes","year":"1994","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"ref_209","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16931","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M100856200","article-title":"FKBP12 binding modulates ryanodine receptor channel gating","volume":"276","author":"Gaburjakova","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22600","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M205866200","article-title":"FKBP12 binding to RyR1 modulates excitation-contraction coupling in mouse skeletal myotubes","volume":"278","author":"Avila","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"919","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.200211012","article-title":"PKA phosphorylation activates the calcium release channel (ryanodine receptor) in skeletal muscle: Defective regulation in heart failure","volume":"160","author":"Reiken","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Cell Biol."},{"key":"ref_212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"917","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmb.2005.12.023","article-title":"Structural characterization of the RyR1\u2013FKBP12 interaction","volume":"356","author":"Shen","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Mol. Biol."},{"key":"ref_213","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Acimovic, I., Refaat, M.M., Moreau, A., Salykin, A., Reiken, S., Sleiman, Y., Souidi, M., P\u0159ibyl, J., Kajava, A.V., and Richard, S. (2018). Post-translational modifications and diastolic calcium leak associated to the novel RyR2-D3638A mutation lead to CPVT in patient-specific hiPSC-derived cardiomyocytes. J. Clin. Med., 7.","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm7110423"},{"key":"ref_214","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)80847-8","article-title":"PKA phosphorylation dissociates FKBP12.6 from the calcium release channel (ryanodine receptor): Defective regulation in failing hearts","volume":"101","author":"Marx","year":"2000","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"ref_215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4375","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI37649","article-title":"Role of chronic ryanodine receptor phosphorylation in heart failure and \u03b2-adrenergic receptor blockade in mice","volume":"120","author":"Shan","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Clin. Investig."},{"key":"ref_216","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-4889(93)90023-I","article-title":"Phosphorylation of serine 2843 in ryanodine receptor-calcium release channel of skeletal muscle by cAMP-, cGMP and CaM-dependent protein kinase","volume":"1175","author":"Suko","year":"1993","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta"},{"key":"ref_217","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1177\/0310057X1103900114","article-title":"Speeding dantrolene preparation for treating malignant hyperthermia","volume":"39","author":"Kugler","year":"2011","journal-title":"Anaesth. Intensive Care"},{"key":"ref_218","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1097\/EJA.0b013e3283439545","article-title":"Comparison of the therapeutic effectiveness of a dantrolene sodium solution and a novel nanocrystalline suspension of dantrolene sodium in malignant hyperthermia normal and susceptible pigs","volume":"28","author":"Becker","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur. J. Anaesthesiol."},{"key":"ref_219","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0b013e3182937d8b","article-title":"Malignant hyperthermia in Canada: Characteristics of index anesthetics in 129 malignant hyperthermia susceptible probands","volume":"118","author":"Riazi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Anesth. Analg."},{"key":"ref_220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1021\/jm00385a006","article-title":"1-[[[5-(substitutedphenyl)-2-oxazolyl]-methylene]amino]-2,4-imidazolidinediones, a new class of skeletal muscle relaxants","volume":"30","author":"White","year":"1987","journal-title":"J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"ref_221","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1213\/00000539-199003000-00004","article-title":"Azumolene reverses episodes ofmalignant hyperthermia in susceptible swine","volume":"70","author":"Dershwitz","year":"1990","journal-title":"Anesth. Analg."},{"key":"ref_222","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1224","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.2010.0556.x","article-title":"Intravenous administration of azumolene to reverse malignant hyperthermia in swine","volume":"24","author":"Trachez","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Vet. Intern. Med."},{"key":"ref_223","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e201","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0000000000004448","article-title":"Pennywise and a pound foolish: The advantage of dantrolene nanosuspension (Ryanodex) in the treatment of malignant hyperthermia","volume":"129","author":"McAvoy","year":"2019","journal-title":"Anesth. Analg."},{"key":"ref_224","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"324","DOI":"10.2174\/1567205017666200522204722","article-title":"Approaches to optimizing dantrolene neuroprotection for the treatment of Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"17","author":"Abou","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr. Alzheimer Res."},{"key":"ref_225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, J., Shi, Y., Yu, S., Wang, Y., Meng, Q., Liang, G., Eckenhoff, M.F., and Wei, H. (2020). Intranasal administration of dantrolene increased brain concentration and duration. PLoS ONE, 15.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0229156"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Molecular Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/24\/6\/5409\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T18:53:05Z","timestamp":1760122385000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/24\/6\/5409"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,12]]},"references-count":225,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3]]}},"alternative-id":["ijms24065409"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms24065409","relation":{},"ISSN":["1422-0067"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1422-0067","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,12]]}}}