{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]],"date-time":"2026-06-29T18:31:27Z","timestamp":1782757887994,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,14]],"date-time":"2023-03-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1678752000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Italian Ministry of Health"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>During the acute phase of COVID-19, many patients experience a complex coagulopathy characterized by a procoagulant pattern. The present study investigates the persistence of hemostatic changes in post-COVID patients at a long-term follow up, and the link with the persistence of physical and neuropsychological symptoms. We completed a prospective cohort study on 102 post-COVID patients. Standard coagulation and viscoelastic tests were performed, along with an assessment of persistent symptoms and recording of acute phase details. A procoagulant state was adjudicated in the presence of fibrinogen &gt; 400 mg\/dL, or D-dimer &gt; 500 ng\/mL, or platelet count &gt; 450,000 cells\/\u00b5L, or a maxim clot lysis at viscoelastic test &lt; 2%. A procoagulant state was identified in 75% of the patients at 3 months follow up, 50% at 6 months, and 30% at 12\u201318 months. Factors associated with the persistence of a procoagulant state were age, severity of the acute phase, and persistence of symptoms. Patients with major physical symptoms carry a procoagulant state relative risk of 2.8 (95% confidence interval 1.17\u20136.7, p = 0.019). The association between persistent symptoms and a procoagulant state raises the hypothesis that an ongoing process of thrombi formation and\/or persistent microthrombosis may be responsible for the main physical symptoms in long-COVID patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24065514","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,14]],"date-time":"2023-03-14T03:29:16Z","timestamp":1678764556000},"page":"5514","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":46,"title":["The Long Term Residual Effects of COVID-Associated Coagulopathy"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4915-3572","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marco","family":"Ranucci","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Anesthesia and Intensive Care, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, 20097 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ekaterina","family":"Baryshnikova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Anesthesia and Intensive Care, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, 20097 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7132-2782","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martina","family":"Anguissola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Anesthesia and Intensive Care, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, 20097 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8168-8254","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sara","family":"Pugliese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Anesthesia and Intensive Care, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, 20097 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mara","family":"Falco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Koelliker Hospital, 10134 Turin, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lorenzo","family":"Menicanti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Scientific Directorate, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, 20097 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1747","DOI":"10.1111\/jth.14854","article-title":"The procoagulant pattern of patients with COVID-19 acute respiratory distress syndrome","volume":"18","author":"Ranucci","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. 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