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Its primary function is to convert extracellular ATP to adenosine in concert with ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase-1 (CD39) in normal tissues to limit an excessive immune response in many pathophysiological events, such as lung injury induced by a variety of contributing factors. Multiple lines of evidence suggest that the location of CD73, in proximity to adenosine receptor subtypes, indirectly determines its positive or negative effect in a variety of organs and tissues and that its action is affected by the transfer of nucleoside to subtype-specific adenosine receptors. Nonetheless, the bidirectional nature of CD73 as an emerging immune checkpoint in the pathogenesis of lung injury is still unknown. In this review, we explore the relationship between CD73 and the onset and progression of lung injury, highlighting the potential value of this molecule as a drug target for the treatment of pulmonary disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24065545","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,14]],"date-time":"2023-03-14T06:14:58Z","timestamp":1678774498000},"page":"5545","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["CD73: Friend or Foe in Lung Injury"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Xiu-Min","family":"Hu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Acupuncture and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nan-Rui","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Acupuncture and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ji-Zhou","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Acupuncture and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan-Qin","family":"Zuo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Acupuncture and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Acupuncture and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ya-Fei","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Acupuncture and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jia-Si","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Acupuncture and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-017-0865-y","article-title":"Activation of P2X7 receptor and NLRP3 inflammasome assembly in hippocampal glial cells mediates chronic stress-induced depressive-like behaviors","volume":"14","author":"Yue","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. 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