{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,22]],"date-time":"2026-06-22T17:31:14Z","timestamp":1782149474699,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,15]],"date-time":"2023-03-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1678838400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"the Key Project at Central Government Level: The ability establishment of sustainable use for valuable Chinese Medicine Resources","award":["2060302"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2060302"]}]},{"name":"the Key Project at Central Government Level: The ability establishment of sustainable use for valuable Chinese Medicine Resources","award":["ZZ15-YQ-061"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZZ15-YQ-061"]}]},{"name":"the Key Project at Central Government Level: The ability establishment of sustainable use for valuable Chinese Medicine Resources","award":["ZZXT202103"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZZXT202103"]}]},{"name":"the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central public welfare research institutes","award":["2060302"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2060302"]}]},{"name":"the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central public welfare research institutes","award":["ZZ15-YQ-061"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZZ15-YQ-061"]}]},{"name":"the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central public welfare research institutes","award":["ZZXT202103"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZZXT202103"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Erigeron breviscapus is an important medicinal plant with high medicinal and economic value. It is currently the best natural biological drug for the treatment of obliterative cerebrovascular disease and the sequela of cerebral hemorrhage. Therefore, to solve the contradiction between supply and demand, the study of genetic transformation of E. breviscapus is essential for targeted breeding. However, establishing an efficient genetic transformation system is a lengthy process. In this study, we established a rapid and efficient optimized protocol for genetic transformation of E. breviscapus using the hybrid orthogonal method. The effect of different concentrations of selection pressure (Hygromycin B) on callus induction and the optimal pre-culture time of 7 days were demonstrated. The optimal transformation conditions were as follows: precipitant agents MgCl2 + PEG, target tissue distance 9 cm, helium pressure 650 psi, bombardment once, plasmid DNA concentration 1.0 \u03bcg\u00b7\u03bcL\u22121, and chamber vacuum pressure 27 mmHg. Integration of the desired genes was verified by amplifying 1.02 kb of htp gene from the T0 transgenic line. Genetic transformation of E. breviscapus was carried out by particle bombardment under the optimized conditions, and a stable transformation efficiency of 36.7% was achieved. This method will also contribute to improving the genetic transformation rate of other medicinal plants.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24065611","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,15]],"date-time":"2023-03-15T05:53:44Z","timestamp":1678859624000},"page":"5611","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Rapid and Efficient Optimization Method for a Genetic Transformation System of Medicinal Plants Erigeron breviscapus"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6687-6652","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yujun","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yifan","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China"},{"name":"School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6380-4431","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yifeng","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luqi","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"877872","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2022.877872","article-title":"Erigeron breviscapus (Vant.) 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