{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,11]],"date-time":"2026-04-11T06:48:58Z","timestamp":1775890138105,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":112,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,17]],"date-time":"2023-03-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1679011200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Academic Research Funds of Singapore Ministry of Education via the National University of Singapore","award":["A-0002960-00-00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["A-0002960-00-00"]}]},{"name":"Academic Research Funds of Singapore Ministry of Education via the National University of Singapore","award":["A-0002960-01-00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["A-0002960-01-00"]}]},{"name":"Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore","award":["A-0002960-00-00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["A-0002960-00-00"]}]},{"name":"Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore","award":["A-0002960-01-00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["A-0002960-01-00"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Atopic dermatitis and abnormalities in tooth development (including hypomineralization, hypodontia and microdontia) have been observed to co-occur in some patients. A common pathogenesis pathway that involves genes and protein interactions has been hypothesized. This review aims to first provide a description of the key gene mutations and signaling pathways associated with atopic dermatitis and tooth agenesis (i.e., the absence of teeth due to developmental failure) and identify the possible association between the two diseases. Second, utilizing a list of genes most commonly associated with the two diseases, we conducted a protein\u2013protein network interaction analysis using the STRING database and identified a novel association between the Wnt\/\u03b2-catenin signaling pathway (major pathway responsible for TA) and desmosomal proteins (component of skin barrier that affect the pathogenesis of AD). Further investigation into the mechanisms that may drive their co-occurrence and underlie the development of the two diseases is warranted.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24065754","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,17]],"date-time":"2023-03-17T05:06:01Z","timestamp":1679029561000},"page":"5754","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Genetic\/Protein Association of Atopic Dermatitis and Tooth Agenesis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6438-5777","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wanlu","family":"Ouyang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthodontics, Shanghai Xuhui District Dental Disease Prevention and Control Institute, No. 500, Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2208-5397","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Charlene E.","family":"Goh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119085, Singapore"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wei Bo","family":"Ng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1337-5146","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fook Tim","family":"Chew","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Allergy and Molecular Immunology Laboratory, Lee Hiok Kwee Functional Genomics Laboratories, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Block S2, Level 5, 14 Science Drive 4, Lower Kent Ridge Road, Singapore 117543, Singapore"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eric Peng Huat","family":"Yap","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 636921, Singapore"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7367-3204","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chin-ying Stephen","family":"Hsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119085, Singapore"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.2500\/aap.2019.40.4202","article-title":"Pathophysiology of atopic dermatitis: Clinical implications","volume":"40","author":"Kim","year":"2019","journal-title":"Allergy Asthma Proc."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.19580","article-title":"The global burden of atopic dermatitis: Lessons from the Global Burden of Disease Study 1990\u20132017","volume":"184","author":"Laughter","year":"2021","journal-title":"Br. 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