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Xenobiotics are usually harmless compounds that may be detrimental, such as pharmaceuticals, environmental pollutants, cosmetics, and even food additives. The storage of xenobiotics can serve as a defense mechanism or a means of bioaccumulation, leading to adverse effects. During the absorption, metabolism, and cellular excretion of xenobiotics, three steps may be distinguished: (i) inflow by transporter enzymes, (ii) phases I and II, and (iii) phase III. Phase I enzymes, such as those in the cytochrome P450 superfamily, catalyze the conversion of xenobiotics into more polar compounds, contributing to an elevated acute myeloid leukemia risk. Furthermore, genetic polymorphism influences the variability and susceptibility of related myeloid neoplasms, infant leukemias associated with mixed-lineage leukemia (MLL) gene rearrangements, and a subset of de novo acute myeloid leukemia. Recent research has shown a sustained interest in determining the regulators of cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily E, member 1 (CYP2E1) expression and activity as an emerging field that requires further investigation in acute myeloid leukemia evolution. Therefore, this review suggests that CYP2E1 and its mutations can be a therapeutic or diagnostic target in acute myeloid leukemia.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24076031","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,23]],"date-time":"2023-03-23T03:07:57Z","timestamp":1679540877000},"page":"6031","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["An Updated Overview of the Role of CYP450 during Xenobiotic Metabolization in Regulating the Acute Myeloid Leukemia Microenvironment"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3184-6482","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cristian","family":"Sandoval","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Escuela de Tecnolog\u00eda M\u00e9dica, Facultad de Salud, Universidad Santo Tom\u00e1s, Los Carreras 753, Osorno 5310431, Chile"},{"name":"Departamento de Ingenier\u00eda Qu\u00edmica, Facultad de Ingenier\u00eda y Ciencias, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile"},{"name":"Departamento de Ciencias Precl\u00ednicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1467-5178","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yolanda","family":"Calle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Life and Health Sciences, University of Roehampton, London SW15 4JD, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karina","family":"Godoy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"N\u00facleo Cient\u00edfico y Tecnol\u00f3gico en Biorecursos (BIOREN), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7660-9603","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jorge","family":"Far\u00edas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Ingenier\u00eda Qu\u00edmica, Facultad de Ingenier\u00eda y Ciencias, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e441","DOI":"10.1038\/bcj.2016.50","article-title":"Acute myeloid leukemia: A comprehensive review and 2016 update","volume":"6","year":"2016","journal-title":"Blood Cancer J."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1016\/j.blre.2019.04.005","article-title":"Epidemiology of acute myeloid leukemia: Recent progress and enduring challenges","volume":"36","author":"Shallis","year":"2019","journal-title":"Blood Rev."},{"key":"ref_3","unstructured":"Swerdlow, S.H., Campo, E., Harris, N.L., Jaffe, E.S., Pileri, S.A., Stein, H., Thiele, J., and Vardiman, J.W. 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