{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T07:49:16Z","timestamp":1788940156299,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,27]],"date-time":"2023-03-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1679875200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation for RCMG"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Airway and lung organoids derived from human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) are current models for personalized drug screening, cell\u2013cell interaction studies, and lung disease research. We analyzed the existing differentiation protocols and identified the optimal conditions for obtaining organoids. In this article, we describe a step-by-step protocol for differentiating hiPSCs into airway and lung organoids. We obtained airway and lung organoids from a healthy donor and from five donors with cystic fibrosis. Analysis of the cellular composition of airway and lung organoids showed that airway organoids contain proximal lung epithelial cells, while lung organoids contain both proximal and distal lung epithelial cells. Forskolin-induced swelling of organoids derived from a healthy donor showed that lung organoids, as well as airway organoids, contain functional epithelial cells and swell after 24 h exposure to forskolin, which makes it a suitable model for analyzing the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) channel conductance in vitro. Thus, our results demonstrate the feasibility of generating and characterizing airway and lung organoids from hiPSCs, which can be used for a variety of future applications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24076293","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,28]],"date-time":"2023-03-28T02:11:40Z","timestamp":1679969500000},"page":"6293","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Airway and Lung Organoids from Human-Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Can Be Used to Assess CFTR Conductance"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4460-7627","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna","family":"Demchenko","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Genome Editing, Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moskvorechye, 1, 115522 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ekaterina","family":"Kondrateva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Genome Editing, Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moskvorechye, 1, 115522 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vyacheslav","family":"Tabakov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Moscow Branch of the Biobank \u201cAll-Russian Collection of Biological Samples of Hereditary Diseases\u201d, Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moskvorechye, 1, 115522 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Efremova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stem Cell Genetics Laboratory, Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moskvorechye, 1, 115522 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7842-7635","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Diana","family":"Salikhova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stem Cell Genetics Laboratory, Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moskvorechye, 1, 115522 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0481-256X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tatiana","family":"Bukharova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stem Cell Genetics Laboratory, Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moskvorechye, 1, 115522 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dmitry","family":"Goldshtein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stem Cell Genetics Laboratory, Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moskvorechye, 1, 115522 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maxim","family":"Balyasin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Scientific and Educational Resource Center, Peoples\u2019 Friendship University of Russia, Miklukho-Maklaya, 6, 117198 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Natalia","family":"Bulatenko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stem Cell Genetics Laboratory, Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moskvorechye, 1, 115522 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elena","family":"Amelina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Cystic Fibrosis, Research Institute of Pulmonology, 11th Parkovaya Str., 32\/4, 105077 Moscow, 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