{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T21:55:46Z","timestamp":1792446946389,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":145,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,1]],"date-time":"2023-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1680307200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) accounts for approximately 80% of all TBI cases and is a growing source of morbidity and mortality worldwide. To improve the management of children and adults with mTBI, a series of candidate biomarkers have been investigated in recent years. In this context, the measurement of blood biomarkers in the acute phase after a traumatic event helps reduce unnecessary CT scans and hospitalizations. In athletes, improved management of sports-related concussions is also sought to ensure athletes\u2019 safety. S100B protein has emerged as the most widely studied and used biomarker for clinical decision making in patients with mTBI. In addition to its use as a diagnostic biomarker, S100B plays an active role in the molecular pathogenic processes accompanying acute brain injury. This review describes S100B protein as a diagnostic tool as well as a potential therapeutic target in patients with mTBI.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24076602","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,3]],"date-time":"2023-04-03T03:08:31Z","timestamp":1680491311000},"page":"6602","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":96,"title":["S100B, Actor and Biomarker of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7360-4142","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Charlotte","family":"Oris","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Biochemistry and Molecular Genetic Department, University Hospital, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine of Clermont-Ferrand, Universit\u00e9 Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, Inserm, GReD, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5918-1315","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Samy","family":"Kahouadji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biochemistry and Molecular Genetic Department, University Hospital, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine of Clermont-Ferrand, Universit\u00e9 Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, Inserm, GReD, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4237-9122","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julie","family":"Durif","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biochemistry and Molecular Genetic Department, University Hospital, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2707-4320","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Damien","family":"Bouvier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biochemistry and Molecular Genetic Department, University Hospital, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine of Clermont-Ferrand, Universit\u00e9 Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, Inserm, GReD, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7452-315X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vincent","family":"Sapin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biochemistry and Molecular Genetic Department, University Hospital, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine of Clermont-Ferrand, Universit\u00e9 Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, Inserm, GReD, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1080","DOI":"10.3171\/2017.10.JNS17352","article-title":"Estimating the global incidence of traumatic brain injury","volume":"130","author":"Dewan","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. 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