{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T00:51:56Z","timestamp":1785372716499,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,6]],"date-time":"2023-04-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1680739200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Italian Health Ministry (Ricerca Corrente to IRCCS INRCA)"},{"name":"MARCHE Region"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Herpesviridae reactivation such as cytomegalovirus (CMV) has been described in severe COVID-19 (COronaVIrusDisease-2019). This study aimed to understand if CMV reactivation in older COVID-19 patients is associated with increased inflammation and in-hospital mortality. In an observational single-center cohort study, 156 geriatric COVID-19 patients were screened for CMV reactivation by RT-PCR. Participants underwent a comprehensive clinical investigation that included medical history, functional evaluation, laboratory tests and cytokine assays (TNF-\u03b1, IFN-\u03b1, IL-6, IL-10) at hospital admission. In 19 (12.2%) of 156 COVID-19 patients, CMV reactivation was detected. Multivariate Cox regression models showed that in-hospital mortality significantly increased among CMV positive patients younger than 87 years (HR: 9.94, 95% CI: 1.66\u201359.50). Other factors associated with in-hospital mortality were C-reactive protein (HR: 1.17, 95% CI: 1.05\u20131.30), neutrophil count (HR: 1.20, 95% CI: 1.01\u20131.42) and clinical frailty scale (HR:1.54, 95% CI: 1.04\u20132.28). In patients older than 87 years, neutrophil count (HR: 1.13, 95% CI: 1.05\u20131.21) and age (HR: 1.15, 95% CI: 1.01\u20131.31) were independently associated with in-hospital mortality. CMV reactivation was also correlated with increased IFN-\u03b1 and TNF-\u03b1 serum levels, but not with IL-6 and IL-10 serum changes. In conclusion, CMV reactivation was an independent risk factor for in-hospital mortality in COVID-19 patients younger than 87 years old, but not in nonagenarians.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24076832","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,6]],"date-time":"2023-04-06T05:21:23Z","timestamp":1680758483000},"page":"6832","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Effect of Cytomegalovirus Reactivation on Inflammatory Status and Mortality of Older COVID-19 Patients"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1468-2140","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Robertina","family":"Giacconi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Technology Center for Aging Research, IRCCS INRCA, Via Birarelli 8, 60121 Ancona, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maurizio","family":"Cardelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Technology Center for Aging Research, IRCCS INRCA, Via Birarelli 8, 60121 Ancona, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7440-804X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesco","family":"Piacenza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Technology Center for Aging Research, IRCCS INRCA, Via Birarelli 8, 60121 Ancona, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4612-7317","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elisa","family":"Pierpaoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Technology Center for Aging Research, IRCCS INRCA, Via Birarelli 8, 60121 Ancona, 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Sestilli\u201d, IRCCS INRCA, 60127 Ancona, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chiara","family":"Di Pentima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Universit\u00e0 Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy"},{"name":"Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Italian National Research Centre on Aging, Hospital \u201cU. Sestilli\u201d, IRCCS INRCA, 60127 Ancona, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Piero","family":"Giordano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Universit\u00e0 Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy"},{"name":"Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Italian National Research Centre on Aging, Hospital \u201cU. Sestilli\u201d, IRCCS INRCA, 60127 Ancona, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5921-1828","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roberto","family":"Antonicelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiology Unit, IRCCS INRCA, 60129 Ancona, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0568-3002","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mauro","family":"Provinciali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Technology Center for Aging Research, IRCCS INRCA, Via Birarelli 8, 60121 Ancona, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabrizia","family":"Lattanzio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Scientific Direction, IRCCS INRCA, 60124 Ancona, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"530","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-020-03252-3","article-title":"Herpes Simplex Virus and Cytomegalovirus Reactivations among Severe COVID-19 Patients","volume":"24","author":"Pinceaux","year":"2020","journal-title":"Crit. 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