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HBOT has been effectively used to manage diverse clinical pathologies, such as non-healing diabetic ulcers. The aim of the present study was to analyse the effects of HBOT on the plasma oxidative and inflammation biomarkers and growth factors in patients with chronic diabetic wounds. The participants received 20 HBOT sessions (five sessions\/week), and blood samples were obtained at sessions 1, 5 and 20, before and 2 h after the HBOT. An additional (control) blood sample was collected 28 days after wound recovery. No significant differences were evident in haematological parameters, whereas the biochemical parameters progressively decreased, which was significant for creatine phosphokinase (CPK) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST). The pro-inflammatory mediators, tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-\u03b1) and interleukin 1\u03b2 (IL-1\u03b2), progressively decreased throughout the treatments. Biomarkers of oxidative stress\u2013\u2013plasma protein levels of catalase, extracellular superoxide dismutase, myeloperoxidase, xanthine oxidase, malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and protein carbonyls\u2013\u2013were reduced in accordance with wound healing. Plasma levels of growth factors\u2013\u2013platelet-derived growth factor (PDFG), transforming growth factor \u03b2 (TGF-\u03b2) and hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1\u03b1)\u2013\u2013 were increased as a consequence of HBOT and reduced 28 days after complete wound healing, whereas matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP9) progressively decreased with the HBOT. In conclusion, HBOT reduced oxidative and pro-inflammatory mediators, and may participate in activating healing, angiogenesis and vascular tone regulation by increasing the release of growth factors.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24087040","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,11]],"date-time":"2023-04-11T02:02:33Z","timestamp":1681178553000},"page":"7040","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":91,"title":["Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy Reduces Oxidative Stress and Inflammation, and Increases Growth Factors Favouring the Healing Process of Diabetic Wounds"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Xavier","family":"Cap\u00f3","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Group in Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands\u2014IUNICS, 07122 Palma, Spain"},{"name":"Translational Research in Aging and Longevity (TRIAL) Group, Health Research 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Spain"},{"name":"CIBER Fisiopatolog\u00eda de la Obesidad y Nutrici\u00f3n (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2447-3868","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antoni","family":"Pons","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Group in Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands\u2014IUNICS, 07122 Palma, Spain"},{"name":"Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma, Spain"},{"name":"CIBER Fisiopatolog\u00eda de la Obesidad y Nutrici\u00f3n (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8656-6838","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antoni","family":"Sureda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Group in Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, 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