{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T01:20:05Z","timestamp":1792804805770,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,11]],"date-time":"2023-04-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1681171200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ministry of Education","award":["2022R1A6A3A01086224"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022R1A6A3A01086224"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Education","award":["NRF-2021R1A2C1093825"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NRF-2021R1A2C1093825"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Education","award":["2022"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022"]}]},{"name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","award":["2022R1A6A3A01086224"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022R1A6A3A01086224"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/013aysd81","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","award":["NRF-2021R1A2C1093825"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NRF-2021R1A2C1093825"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/013aysd81","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","award":["2022"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/013aysd81","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"World-home doctor Co.","award":["2022R1A6A3A01086224"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022R1A6A3A01086224"]}]},{"name":"World-home doctor Co.","award":["NRF-2021R1A2C1093825"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NRF-2021R1A2C1093825"]}]},{"name":"World-home doctor Co.","award":["2022"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Glycine max Merr. (GM) is a functional food that provides many beneficial phytochemicals. However, scientific evidence of its antidepressive and sedative activities is scarce. The present study was designed to investigate the antidepressive and calmative effects of GM and its biologically active compound, genistein (GE), using electroencephalography (EEG) analysis in an electric foot shock (EFS)-stressed rat. The underlying neural mechanisms of their beneficial effects were determined by assessing corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF), serotonin (5-HT), and c-Fos immunoreactivity in the brain using immunohistochemical methods. In addition, the 5-HT2C receptor binding assay was performed because it is considered a major target of antidepressants and sleep aids. In the binding assay, GM displayed binding affinity to the 5-HT2C receptor (IC50 value of 14.25 \u00b1 11.02 \u00b5g\/mL). GE exhibited concentration-dependent binding affinity, resulting in the binding of GE to the 5-HT2C receptor (IC50, 77.28 \u00b1 26.57 mg\/mL). Administration of GM (400 mg\/kg) increased non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep time. Administration of GE (30 mg\/kg) decreased wake time and increased rapid eye movement (REM) and NREM sleep in EPS-stressed rats. In addition, treatment with GM and GE significantly decreased c-Fos and CRF expression in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) and increased 5-HT levels in the dorsal raphe in the brain. Overall, these results suggest that GM and GE have antidepressant-like effects and are effective in sleep maintenance. These results will benefit researchers in developing alternatives to decrease depression and prevent sleep disorders.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24087043","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,11]],"date-time":"2023-04-11T03:11:23Z","timestamp":1681182683000},"page":"7043","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Sedative-Hypnotic Effects of Glycine max Merr. Extract and Its Active Ingredient Genistein on Electric-Shock-Induced Sleep Disturbances in Rats"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Minsook","family":"Ye","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"SunYoung","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyo Jeong","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kyu-Ri","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5033-5237","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hyun-Jung","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyonggi University, 154-42, Gwanggyosan-ro, Youngtong-gu, Suwon 17104, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"In-Cheol","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BioChip Research Center, Department of Biological Science, College of Biological Science, Hoseo University, Asan 31499, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Innopharma screen Inc., Incheon 21988, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Soon Ah","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Conversing Technology, Graduate School of Venture, Hoseo University, Seoul 06724, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Young-Shin","family":"Chung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology and The Research Institute for Basic Sciences, Hoseo University, Asan 31499, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8014-9782","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Insop","family":"Shim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ditmer, M., Gabryelska, A., Turkiewicz, S., Bialasiewicz, P., Malecka-Wojciesko, E., and Sochal, M. 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