{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T06:59:37Z","timestamp":1792133977922,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":129,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,11]],"date-time":"2023-04-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1681171200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Institutes of Health","award":["NS106668"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NS106668"]}]},{"name":"National Institutes of Health","award":["NS102721"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NS102721"]}]},{"name":"National Institutes of Health","award":["AG069987"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AG069987"]}]},{"name":"Alzheimer\u2019s Drug Discovery Foundation","award":["NS106668"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NS106668"]}]},{"name":"Alzheimer\u2019s Drug Discovery Foundation","award":["NS102721"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NS102721"]}]},{"name":"Alzheimer\u2019s Drug Discovery Foundation","award":["AG069987"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AG069987"]}]},{"name":"Samuel I. Newhouse Foundation","award":["NS106668"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NS106668"]}]},{"name":"Samuel I. Newhouse Foundation","award":["NS102721"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NS102721"]}]},{"name":"Samuel I. Newhouse Foundation","award":["AG069987"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AG069987"]}]},{"name":"May and Samuel Rudin Family Foundation","award":["NS106668"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NS106668"]}]},{"name":"May and Samuel Rudin Family Foundation","award":["NS102721"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NS102721"]}]},{"name":"May and Samuel Rudin Family Foundation","award":["AG069987"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AG069987"]}]},{"name":"Mr. John A. Herrmann, Jr., and the Kellen Women\u2019s Entrepreneurship Fund","award":["NS106668"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NS106668"]}]},{"name":"Mr. John A. Herrmann, Jr., and the Kellen Women\u2019s Entrepreneurship Fund","award":["NS102721"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NS102721"]}]},{"name":"Mr. John A. Herrmann, Jr., and the Kellen Women\u2019s Entrepreneurship Fund","award":["AG069987"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AG069987"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Alzheimer\u2019s disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease, affecting millions of people worldwide. The classical hallmarks of AD include extracellular beta-amyloid (A\u03b2) plaques and neurofibrillary tau tangles, although they are often accompanied by various vascular defects. These changes include damage to the vasculature, a decrease in cerebral blood flow, and accumulation of A\u03b2 along vessels, among others. Vascular dysfunction begins early in disease pathogenesis and may contribute to disease progression and cognitive dysfunction. In addition, patients with AD exhibit alterations in the plasma contact system and the fibrinolytic system, two pathways in the blood that regulate clotting and inflammation. Here, we explain the clinical manifestations of vascular deficits in AD. Further, we describe how changes in plasma contact activation and the fibrinolytic system may contribute to vascular dysfunction, inflammation, coagulation, and cognitive impairment in AD. Given this evidence, we propose novel therapies that may, alone or in combination, ameliorate AD progression in patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24087046","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,12]],"date-time":"2023-04-12T02:57:08Z","timestamp":1681268228000},"page":"7046","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Vascular Dysfunction in Alzheimer\u2019s Disease: Alterations in the Plasma Contact and Fibrinolytic Systems"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Ana","family":"Badimon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Patricia and John Rosenwald Laboratory of Neurobiology and Genetics, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Torrente","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Patricia and John Rosenwald Laboratory of Neurobiology and Genetics, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erin H.","family":"Norris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Patricia and John Rosenwald Laboratory of Neurobiology and Genetics, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization (2023, March 08). 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