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Many studies show the importance of diet and lifestyle in the incidence of CRC, as well as in CRC prevention. However, this review summarizes those studies that analyze the impact of nutrition on tumor microenvironment modulation and cancer progression. We review the available information about the effects of specific nutrients on cancer cell progression and on the different cells within the tumor microenvironment. Diet and nutritional status in the clinical management of colorectal cancer patients are also analyzed. Finally, future perspectives and challenges are discussed, with a view to improving CRC treatments by employing nutritional approaches. These promise great benefits and will eventually improve CRC patients\u2019 survival.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24087317","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,17]],"date-time":"2023-04-17T03:14:09Z","timestamp":1681701249000},"page":"7317","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["The Diet as a Modulator of Tumor Microenvironment in Colorectal Cancer Patients"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Manuel","family":"Collado","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Oncology Department, Ram\u00f3n y Cajal University Hospital-IRYCIS, Alcal\u00e1 University, 28034 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mari\u00e9n","family":"Castillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Alfonso X El Sabio (UAX), Avenida de la Universidad, 1, 28691 Villanueva de la Ca\u00f1ada, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7375-6691","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gemma Julia","family":"Mu\u00f1oz de Mier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Alfonso X El Sabio (UAX), Avenida de la Universidad, 1, 28691 Villanueva de la Ca\u00f1ada, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carolina","family":"de la Pinta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiation Oncology Department, Ram\u00f3n y Cajal University Hospital, IRYCIS, Alcal\u00e1 University, 28034 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4406-8640","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cristina","family":"Pe\u00f1a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Oncology Department, Ram\u00f3n y Cajal University Hospital-IRYCIS, Alcal\u00e1 University, 28034 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de C\u00e1ncer (CIBERONC), 28029 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21654","article-title":"Cancer Statistics, 2021. 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