{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T02:03:51Z","timestamp":1760148231943,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":88,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,15]],"date-time":"2023-04-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1681516800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Sarcoidosis is a non-necrotizing granulomatous inflammatory multisystemic disorder of unknown etiology. In children, as in adults, it can involve a few or all organ systems to a varying extent and degree, entailing multisystemic manifestations. Kidney involvement in pediatric-onset adult-type sarcoidosis is rare, with a wide range of renal manifestations, most of them related to calcium metabolism. Children with renal sarcoidosis tend to be more symptomatic than adults, although male patients have a higher prevalence. We present the case of a 10-year-old boy who presented with advanced renal failure with nephrocalcinosis and important hepatosplenomegaly. The diagnosis was established by histopathological examination, with consequent cortisone therapy and hemodialysis. This review emphasizes that sarcoidosis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of pediatric patients with acute kidney insufficiency or chronic kidney disease of an unknown etiology. As far as we know, this is the first study regarding extrapulmonary sarcoidosis in children from Romania.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24087327","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,17]],"date-time":"2023-04-17T03:14:09Z","timestamp":1681701249000},"page":"7327","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["The Overlap of Kidney Failure in Extrapulmonary Sarcoidosis in Children\u2014Case Report and Review of Literature"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Adriana","family":"Mocanu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of General Medicine, \u201cGrigore T. Popa\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania"},{"name":"Nephrology Division, St. Mary\u2019s Emergency Children Hospital, 700309 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Roxana","family":"Bogos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of General Medicine, \u201cGrigore T. Popa\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania"},{"name":"Nephrology Division, St. Mary\u2019s Emergency Children Hospital, 700309 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Trandafir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of General Medicine, \u201cGrigore T. Popa\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7859-840X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elena","family":"Cojocaru","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of General Medicine, \u201cGrigore T. Popa\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ileana","family":"Ioniuc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of General Medicine, \u201cGrigore T. Popa\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mirabela","family":"Alecsa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of General Medicine, \u201cGrigore T. 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Popa\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3937-7425","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Iuliana","family":"Starcea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of General Medicine, \u201cGrigore T. Popa\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania"},{"name":"Nephrology Division, St. Mary\u2019s Emergency Children Hospital, 700309 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"83","article-title":"ACCESS: A Case Control Etiologic Study of Sarcoidosis","volume":"22","author":"Semenzato","year":"2005","journal-title":"Sarcoidosis Vasc. Diffus. Lung Dis. Off. J. 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