{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T02:17:13Z","timestamp":1787451433794,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":126,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,19]],"date-time":"2023-04-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1681862400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000054","name":"National Cancer Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1R01CA247290"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1R01CA247290"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000054","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000054","name":"National Cancer Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1R01 CA257557"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1R01 CA257557"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000054","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Liver transplantation is the only treatment for hepatic insufficiency as a result of acute and chronic liver injuries\/pathologies that fail to recover. Unfortunately, there remains an enormous and growing gap between organ supply and demand. Although recipients on the liver transplantation waitlist have significantly higher mortality, livers are often not allocated because they are (i) classified as extended criteria or marginal livers and (ii) subjected to longer cold preservation time (&gt;6 h) with a direct correlation of poor outcomes with longer cold ischemia. Downregulating the recipient\u2019s innate immune response to successfully tolerate a graft having longer cold ischemia times or ischemia-reperfusion injury through induction of immune tolerance in the graft and the host would significantly improve organ utilization and post-transplant outcomes. Broadly, technologies proposed for development aim to extend the life of the transplanted liver through post-transplant or recipient conditioning. In this review, we focus on the potential benefits of nanotechnology to provide unique pre-transplant grafting and recipient conditioning of extended criteria donor livers using immune tolerance induction and hyperthermic pre-conditioning.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24087496","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,20]],"date-time":"2023-04-20T03:25:11Z","timestamp":1681961111000},"page":"7496","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Nanoparticle-Based Interventions for Liver Transplantation"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0197-6107","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joseph Sushil","family":"Rao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Solid Organ Transplantation, Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA"},{"name":"Schulze Diabetes Institute, Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Ivkov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA"},{"name":"Department of Oncology, Sydney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA"},{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Whiting School of Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA"},{"name":"Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Whiting School of Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7942-8998","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anirudh","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9610(00)00573-0","article-title":"Hepatic Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury","volume":"181","author":"Habib","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am. 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