{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T01:08:01Z","timestamp":1790816881885,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":72,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,25]],"date-time":"2023-04-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1682380800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"EUROSTARS research grant"},{"name":"Department of Surgery at Geneva University Hospitals and the University of Geneva"},{"name":"Geneva University Hospitals (HUG) Private Foundation for Research, Geneva, Switzerland"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Cell-therapy-based nerve repair strategies hold great promise. In the field, there is an extensive amount of evidence for better regenerative outcomes when using tissue-engineered nerve grafts for bridging severe gap injuries. Although a massive number of studies have been performed using rodents, only a limited number involving nerve injury models of large animals were reported. Nerve injury models mirroring the human nerve size and injury complexity are crucial to direct the further clinical development of advanced therapeutic interventions. Thus, there is a great need for the advancement of research using large animals, which will closely reflect human nerve repair outcomes. Within this context, this review highlights various stem cell-based nerve repair strategies involving large animal models such as pigs, rabbits, dogs, and monkeys, with an emphasis on the limitations and strengths of therapeutic strategy and outcome measurements. Finally, future directions in the field of nerve repair are discussed. Thus, the present review provides valuable knowledge, as well as the current state of information and insights into nerve repair strategies using cell therapies in large animals.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24097800","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,25]],"date-time":"2023-04-25T02:06:35Z","timestamp":1682388395000},"page":"7800","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Nerve Tissue Engineering: Bridging Nerve Gap Injuries in Large Animals"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7088-2801","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mirko","family":"Lischer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Bioengineering and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, 4123 Allschwil, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pietro G.","family":"di Summa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Hand Surgery, University Hospital of Lausanne and University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ilias G.","family":"Petrou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University Hospitals and University of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dirk J.","family":"Schaefer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raphael","family":"Guzman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel F.","family":"Kalbermatten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University Hospitals and University of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland"},{"name":"Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Srinivas","family":"Madduri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Bioengineering and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, 4123 Allschwil, Switzerland"},{"name":"Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University Hospitals and University of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland"},{"name":"Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland"},{"name":"Bioengineering and Neuroregeneration, Department of Surgery, Geneva University Hospitals and University of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"B\u00f6cker, A., Aman, M., Kneser, U., Harhaus, L., Siemers, F., and Stang, F. 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