{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,27]],"date-time":"2026-05-27T15:55:39Z","timestamp":1779897339983,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,28]],"date-time":"2023-04-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1682640000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Medical University of Lublin, Poland","award":["DS31"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DS31"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Antimicrobial resistance in Staphylococcus spp. colonising the nasopharynx can create risk factors of therapeutic treatment failure or prophylaxis in pregnant women. Resistance is mostly encoded on plasmids (e.g., blaZ gene for penicillinase synthesis) or chromosomes (e.g., mecA and mecC for methicillin resistance). The mecA gene is part of the chromosomal mec gene cassette (SCCmec), which is also located on the plasmid. The disc diffusion method for the selected drugs (beta-lactams, fluoroquinolones, streptogramins, aminoglicosides, macrolides, oxasolidinones, tetracyclines and other groups) was used. PCR for blaZ, mecA and mecC genes and SCCmec cassette detection and typing were performed. S. aureus (54.4%) and S. epidermidis (27.9%) were the most prevalent and showed the highest diversity of resistance profiles. The blaZ, mecA and mecC genes were reported in 95.6%, 20.6% and 1.5% of isolates, respectively. The highest resistance was found to beta-lactams, commonly used during pregnancy. Resistance to a variety of antimicrobials, including benzylpenicillin resistance in blaZ-positive isolates, and the existence of a very high diversity of SCCmec cassette structures in all staphylococci selected from the nasopharyngeal microbiota of pregnant women were observed for the first time. Knowledge of the prevalence of antimicrobial-resistant staphylococci in the nasopharynx of pregnant women may be important for the appropriate treatment or prophylaxis of this group of patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24097980","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,28]],"date-time":"2023-04-28T02:27:56Z","timestamp":1682648876000},"page":"7980","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Staphylococcal Resistance Patterns, blaZ and SCCmec Cassette Genes in the Nasopharyngeal Microbiota of Pregnant Women"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6301-6059","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sylwia","family":"Andrzejczuk","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Medical University of Lublin, W. Chod\u017aki Str. 1, 20-093 Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Monika","family":"Cygan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Student Research Group at the Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Medical University of Lublin, W. Chod\u017aki Str. 1, 20-093 Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5886-2664","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dominik","family":"D\u0142uski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Perinatology, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego Str. 8, 20-090 Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5238-1007","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dagmara","family":"St\u0119pie\u0144-Py\u015bniak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Prevention and Avian Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 20-950 Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4536-1750","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Urszula","family":"Kosikowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Medical University of Lublin, W. Chod\u017aki Str. 1, 20-093 Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization (2015). WHO Recommendations for Prevention and Treatment of Maternal Peripartum Infections, World Health Organization."},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"\u017bukowska, A., and Hryniewicz, W. (2020). Recommendations for Diagnosis, Antibiotic Therapy and Prevention Hospital-Acquired Infections, National Medicines Institute."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"R\u00f3\u017ca\u0144ska, A., Pac, A., Jachowicz, E., Ja\u015blan, D., Siewierska, M., and W\u00f3jkowska-Mach, J. (2020). Outpatient Antibiotic Prescriptions in Pregnant Women in Ma\u0142opolska Province. Antibiotics, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics10010014"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"(2020). 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