{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T21:18:38Z","timestamp":1790111918253,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,6]],"date-time":"2023-05-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1683331200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007771","name":"Medical University of Silesia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PCN-1-005-N\/1\/K"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PCN-1-005-N\/1\/K"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007771","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Adequate tacrolimus blood exposure is crucial in the early post-renal transplant period and a gut epithelial barrier integrity may play a role. We prospectively investigated several markers of intestinal permeability in recent kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) treated with different tacrolimus extended-release formulations. Within each of the 49 KTR pairs that received grafts from the same donor, an early randomized conversion was performed from twice-daily (Prograf) to once-daily tacrolimus formulation: Advagraf or Envarsus. Plasma zonulin, calprotectin, circulating lipopolysaccharide (LPS), LPS-binding protein (LBP), intestinal fatty acid binding protein (FABP-2), and CD-14 levels were measured. There was no difference in the recipient age, dialysis vintage, BMI, and residual diuresis between Advagraf and Envarsus groups. FABP-2 and LPS levels were significantly associated with tacrolimus trough level, 3-h level, and area under the curve (AUC) in the Envarsus but not in the Advagraf group. AUC was independently increased by LPS and decreased by age, FABP-2 concentration, and the use of Envarsus formulation as compared with Advagraf. Functional changes of gastrointestinal tract in patients treated with Envarsus may influence intestinal tacrolimus absorption to a greater extent than in Advagraf-treated KTRs and may lead to inadequate variability of tacrolimus exposure early after kidney transplantation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24098344","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,8]],"date-time":"2023-05-08T03:34:53Z","timestamp":1683516893000},"page":"8344","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Intestinal Permeability in Patients Early after Kidney Transplantation Treated with Two Different Formulations of Once-Daily Tacrolimus"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9647-1872","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aureliusz","family":"Kolonko","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Transplantation and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Silesia, 40-027 Katowice, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2817-3259","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Natalia","family":"S\u0142abiak-B\u0142a\u017c","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Transplantation and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Silesia, 40-027 Katowice, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0779-0853","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patrycja","family":"Pokora","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Transplantation and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Silesia, 40-027 Katowice, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8371-0195","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Grzegorz","family":"Piecha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Transplantation and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Silesia, 40-027 Katowice, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8625-4188","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrzej","family":"Wi\u0119cek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Transplantation and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Silesia, 40-027 Katowice, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"671","DOI":"10.1007\/s00228-011-1150-0","article-title":"The interactions of age, sex, body mass index, genetics, and steroid weight-based doses on tacrolimus dosing requirement after adult kidney transplantation","volume":"68","author":"Stratta","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur. 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