{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,9]],"date-time":"2026-05-09T01:46:33Z","timestamp":1778291193487,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,6]],"date-time":"2023-05-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1683331200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003141","name":"Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnolog\u00eda, Mexico","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["6368"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["6368"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003141","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The tumor microenvironment (TME) is constituted by a great diversity of highly dynamic cell populations, each of which contributes ligands, receptors, soluble proteins, mRNAs, and miRNAs, in order to regulate cellular activities within the TME and even promote processes such as angiogenesis or metastasis. Intravasated platelets (PLT) undergo changes in the TME that convert them into tumor-educated platelets (TEP), which supports the development of cancer, angiogenesis, and metastasis through the degranulation and release of biomolecules. Several authors have reported that the deregulation of PF4, VEGF, PDGF, ANG-1, WASF3, LAPTM4B, TPM3, and TAC1 genes participates in breast cancer progression, angiogenesis, and metastasis. The present work aimed to analyze the expression levels of this set of genes in tumor tissues and platelets derived from breast cancer patients by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RTqPCR) assays, in order to determine if there was an expression correlation between these sources and to take advantage of the new information to be used in possible diagnosis by liquid biopsy. Data from these assays showed that platelets and breast cancer tumors present similar expression levels of a subset of these genes\u2019 mRNAs, depending on the molecular subtype, comorbidities, and metastasis presence.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24098348","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,8]],"date-time":"2023-05-08T03:34:53Z","timestamp":1683516893000},"page":"8348","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Gene Expression Behavior of a Set of Genes in Platelet and Tissue Samples from Patients with Breast Cancer"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Luis A.","family":"Burciaga-Hernandez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Maestr\u00eda en Ciencias Biom\u00e9dicas, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Zacatecas, Zacatecas 98160, Mexico"},{"name":"Unidad Acad\u00e9mica de Ciencias Biol\u00f3gicas, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Zacatecas, Zacatecas 98068, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cecilia F.","family":"Cueto-Villalobos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidad Acad\u00e9mica de Ciencias Qu\u00edmicas, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Zacatecas, Zacatecas 98160, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nancy","family":"Ortega-Pi\u00f1on","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidad Acad\u00e9mica de Ciencias Biol\u00f3gicas, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Zacatecas, Zacatecas 98068, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0044-9196","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Irma E.","family":"Gonzalez-Curiel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Inmunotoxicolog\u00cda y Terap\u00e9utica Experimental, Unidad Acad\u00e9mica de Ciencias Qu\u00cdmicas, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Zacatecas, Zacatecas 98160, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0340-9381","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Susana","family":"Godina-Gonzalez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Biomarcadores, Unidad Acad\u00e9mica de Ciencias Qu\u00cdmicas, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Zacatecas, Zacatecas 98160, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9668-1127","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gwendolyne","family":"Mendez-Frausto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Inmunotoxicolog\u00cda y Terap\u00e9utica Experimental, Unidad Acad\u00e9mica de Ciencias Qu\u00cdmicas, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Zacatecas, Zacatecas 98160, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anna P.","family":"Aguilar-Esquivel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital General Zacatecas \u201cLuz Gonz\u00e1lez Cos\u00edo\u201d, Zacatecas 98160, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7254-5961","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vilma","family":"Maldonado-Lagunas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Epigenetica, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genomica (INMEGEN), Ciudad de M\u00e9xico 14610, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luis E.","family":"Guerrero-de la Torre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Maestr\u00eda en Ciencias Biom\u00e9dicas, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Zacatecas, Zacatecas 98160, Mexico"},{"name":"Hospital General Zacatecas \u201cLuz Gonz\u00e1lez Cos\u00edo\u201d, Zacatecas 98160, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2209-1607","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jorge","family":"Melendez-Zajgla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Genomica Funcional del Cancer, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genomica (INMEGEN), Ciudad de M\u00e9xico 14610, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3277-2203","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Erika K.","family":"Sanchez-Garcia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Epigenetica, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genomica (INMEGEN), Ciudad de M\u00e9xico 14610, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6955-9003","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Irma B.","family":"Mitre-Aguilar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidad de Bioqu\u00edmica, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias M\u00e9dicas y Nutrici\u00f3n Salvador Zubiran (INCMNSZ), Ciudad de M\u00e9xico 14080, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0426-7410","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gretel","family":"Mendoza-Almanza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Maestr\u00eda en Ciencias Biom\u00e9dicas, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Zacatecas, Zacatecas 98160, Mexico"},{"name":"Laboratorio de Epigenetica, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genomica (INMEGEN), Ciudad de M\u00e9xico 14610, Mexico"},{"name":"Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnolog\u00eda, Ciudad de M\u00e9xico 03940, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Walker, H.K., Hall, W.D., and Hurst, J.W. (1990). Clinical Methods: The History, Physical, and Laboratory Examinations, Butterworths. [3rd ed.]. Chapter 154."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-29423-5_1","article-title":"Platelets: Production, morphology and ultrastructure","volume":"210","author":"Thon","year":"2012","journal-title":"Handb. Exp. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3407","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-18-0887","article-title":"Tumor-educated platelets as a noninvasive biomarker source for cancer detection and progression monitoring","volume":"78","author":"Best","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1317","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.2020007214","article-title":"Platelet gene expression and function in patients with COVID-19","volume":"136","author":"Manne","year":"2020","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1007\/s10555-017-9677-x","article-title":"Normal platelet function","volume":"36","author":"Holinstat","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cancer Metastasis Rev."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"813","DOI":"10.1136\/jim-2019-001195","article-title":"Platelets and platelet extracelular vesicles in hemostasis and sepsis","volume":"68","author":"Kerris","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Investig. Med."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1186\/s13045-018-0669-2","article-title":"Role of platelet and platelet receptors in cancer metastasis","volume":"11","author":"Schlesinger","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Hematol. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_8","first-page":"379","article-title":"Platelets and COVID-19","volume":"5","author":"Rohlfing","year":"2021","journal-title":"Hamostaseologie."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2159","DOI":"10.1002\/2211-5463.12759","article-title":"Delivery of platelet TPM3 mRNA into breast cancer cells via microvesicles enhances metastasis","volume":"9","author":"Yao","year":"2019","journal-title":"FEBS Open Bio."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2015.08.005","article-title":"Tumor microenvironment for cancer stem cells","volume":"99","author":"Kise","year":"2016","journal-title":"Adv. Drug. Deliv. Rev."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"632","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc3789","article-title":"Cancer cell survival during detachment from the ECM: Multiple barriers to tumour progression","volume":"14","author":"Buchheit","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc822","article-title":"Epithelial-mesenchymal transition in tumor progression","volume":"2","author":"Thiery","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2016-11-751099","article-title":"Platelet microparticles infiltrating solid tumors transfer miRNAs that suppress tumor growth","volume":"130","author":"Michael","year":"2017","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1977","DOI":"10.7150\/ijbs.36284","article-title":"Development and validation of tumor-educated blood platelets integrin Alpha 2b (ITGA2B) RNA for diagnosis and prognosis of non-small-cell lung cancer through RNA","volume":"9","author":"Xing","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Sci."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3680","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2011-03-344408","article-title":"Blood platelets contain tumor-derived RNA biomarkers","volume":"13","author":"Nilsson","year":"2011","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1752-8062.2010.00226.x","article-title":"Significant downregulation of platelet gene expression in metastatic lung cancer","volume":"3","author":"Calverley","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin. Transl. Sci."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"666","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2015.09.018","article-title":"RNA- Seq of tumor-educated platelets enables blood-based pan-cancer, multiclass, and molecular pathway cancer diagnostics","volume":"5","author":"Best","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cancer Cell."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2713","DOI":"10.1007\/s00432-019-03032-9","article-title":"A three-platelet mRNA set: MAX, MTURN and HLA-B as biomarker for lung cancer","volume":"145","author":"Liu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cancer Res. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8998","DOI":"10.18632\/aging.102366","article-title":"TIMP1 mRNA I tumor-educated platelets is diagnostic biomarker for colorectal cancer","volume":"11","author":"Yang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Aging"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1111\/1759-7714.13823","article-title":"Tumor-educated platelet SNORD55 as a potencial biomarker for the early diagnosis of non-small cell lung cancer","volume":"5","author":"Dong","year":"2021","journal-title":"Thorac. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Heinhuis, K.M., In\u00b4t Veld, S.G.J.G., Dwarshuis, G., Van Der Broek, D., Sol, N., Bes, M.G., Coevorden, F.V., Haas, R.L., Beijnen, J.H., and Van Houdt, W.J. (2020). RNA-Sequencing of Tumor-Educated Platelets, a Novel Biomarker for Blood-Based Sarcoma Diagnostics. Cancers, 6.","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers12061372"},{"key":"ref_22","unstructured":"World Health Organization (2023, March 20). Global Cancer Observatory (GLOBOCAN). Available online: https:\/\/gco.iarc.fr\/."},{"key":"ref_23","first-page":"773","article-title":"El c\u00e1ncer de mama","volume":"191","author":"Herrero","year":"2015","journal-title":"Arbor"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2007-04-084798","article-title":"Platelet-associated PF-4 as a biomarker of early tumor growth","volume":"111","author":"Cervi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1007\/s00432-018-2802-6","article-title":"Effects of VEGFR1+ hematopoietic progenitor cells on pre-metastatic niche formation and in vivo metastasis of breast cancer cells","volume":"145","author":"Meng","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Cancer Res. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1007\/s10549-018-4664-7","article-title":"The PDGF pathway in breast cancer is linked to tumour agressiveness, triple-negative subtype and early recurrence","volume":"169","author":"Jansson","year":"2018","journal-title":"Breast Cancer Res. Treat."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.10851","article-title":"Angi poietin-2 expression in breast cancer correlates with lymph node invasion and short survival","volume":"103","author":"Sfiligoi","year":"2003","journal-title":"Int. J. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2825","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.25964","article-title":"Functional interrelationship between the WASF3 and KISS1 metastasis-associated genes in breast cancer cell","volume":"129","author":"Teng","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int. J. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.3233\/CBM-182094","article-title":"Prognostic significance of LAPTM4B and p27kip1 expression in triple-negative breast cancer","volume":"25","author":"Li","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cancer Biomark."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"642170","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2021.642170","article-title":"Platelet-Expressed TNFRSF13B (TAC1) predicts Breast Cancer Progression","volume":"11","author":"Hinterleitner","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1499","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2017-03-743211","article-title":"Cancer-associated pathways and biomarkers of venous thrombosis","volume":"130","author":"Hisada","year":"2017","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1998","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.V9111998","article-title":"Role of vascular endotelial growth factor on erythropoietin-related endothelial cell proliferation","volume":"9","author":"Castilla","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Am. Soc. Nephrol."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbamcr.2015.07.008","article-title":"The role of platelets in the tumor microenvironment: From solid tumors to leukemia","volume":"3","author":"Yan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta"},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"462","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tice.2014.08.003","article-title":"Differentiation of neurosphere-derived rat neural stem cells into oligodentrocyte-like cells by repressing PDGF-\u03b1 and Olig2 with triiodothyronine","volume":"6","author":"Abbaszadeh","year":"2014","journal-title":"Tissue Cell."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pinto, M.P., Dye, W.W., Jacobsen, B.M., and Horwitz, K.B. (2014). Malignant stroma increases luminal breast cancer cell proliferation and angiogenesis through platelet-derived growth factor signaling. BMC Cancer, 14.","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2407-14-735"},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1533","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-015-9109-2","article-title":"Transgenic Mice Overexpressing Human Angiotensin I Receptor Gene are susceptible to stroke injury","volume":"3","author":"Jain","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mol. Neurobiol."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2605","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-10-0178","article-title":"Serum platelet factor 4 is an independent predictor of survival and venous thromboembolism in patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma","volume":"10","author":"Poruk","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol. Biomark. Prev."},{"key":"ref_38","first-page":"233","article-title":"Tumor suppressor tropomyosin Tpm2.1 regulates sensitivity to apoptosis beyond anoikis characterized by changes in the levels of intrinsic apoptosis proteins","volume":"6","author":"Gunning","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cytoskeleton"},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1555","DOI":"10.1158\/1535-7163.MCT-16-0873","article-title":"Identification of cancer-targeted tropomyosin inhibitors and their synergy with microtubule drugs","volume":"8","author":"Currier","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mol. Cancer Ther."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11262","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-47592-9","article-title":"Molecular integration of the anti-tropomyosin compound ATM-3507 into the coiled coil overlap region of the cancer associated TPM3","volume":"1","author":"Janco","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1038\/modpathol.2015.144","article-title":"High-definition CpG methylation of novel genes in gastric carcinogenesis identified by next-generation sequencing","volume":"2","author":"Sepulveda","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mod. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2489","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.31024","article-title":"Promoter hypermethylation in plasma-derived cell-free DNA as a prognostic marker for pancreatic adenocarcinoma staging","volume":"12","author":"Henriksen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2994","DOI":"10.1021\/bi052287o","article-title":"Three-dimensional structure of neuropeptide k bound to dodecylphosphocholine micelles","volume":"9","author":"Dike","year":"2006","journal-title":"Biochemistry"},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canlet.2010.02.006","article-title":"Overexpression of LAPTM4B-35 promotes growth and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma in vitro and in vivo","volume":"2","author":"Yang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cancer Lett."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1007\/s00432-012-1368-y","article-title":"Overexpression of LAPTM4B: And independent prgnostic marker in breast cancer","volume":"4","author":"Xiao","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Cancer Res. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1097\/IGC.0b013e318234f9ac","article-title":"LAPTM4B overexpression is a novel independent prognosis marker for metastatic ovarian tumors","volume":"1","author":"Yin","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. J. Gynecol. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdl394","article-title":"Relationship between LAPTM4B gene polymorphism and susceptibility of gastric cancer","volume":"2","author":"Liu","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ann. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6359","DOI":"10.1038\/onc.2016.189","article-title":"LAPTM4B: An oncogene in various solid tumors and this functions","volume":"50","author":"Meng","year":"2016","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"ref_49","unstructured":"Weizmann Institute of Science (2023, March 20). Gene Cards the Human Gene Database. Available online: https:\/\/www.genecards.org."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Uzun, A., Schuster, J., McGonnigal, B., Schorl, C., Dewan, A., and Padbury, J. (2016). Targeted Sequencing and Meta-Analysis of Preterm Birth. PLoS ONE, 5.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0155021"},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Loveless, R., and Teng, Y. (2021). Targeting WASF3 Signaling in Metastatic Cancer. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 2.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22020836"},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1169","DOI":"10.3892\/ol.2014.2276","article-title":"Expression of WASF3 in patients with non-small cell lung cancer: Correlation with clinicopathological features and prognosis","volume":"3","author":"Wu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Oncol. Lett."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1038\/s41389-020-00272-0","article-title":"WAVE3 phosphorylation regulates the interplay between PI3K, TGF-B, and EGF signaling pathways in breast cancer","volume":"10","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Oncogenesis"},{"key":"ref_54","first-page":"2112","article-title":"Down-regulation of WAVE3, a metastasis promoter gene, inhibits invasion and metastasis of breast cancer cell","volume":"6","author":"Safina","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am. J. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R68","DOI":"10.1186\/bcr2635","article-title":"Phenotypic and molecular characterization of the claudin-low intrinsic subtype of breast cancer","volume":"5","author":"Prat","year":"2010","journal-title":"Breast Cancer Res."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.2017.214","article-title":"Platelet releasate promotes breast cancer growth and angiogenesis via VEGF-integrin cooperative signalling","volume":"117","author":"Jiang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Br. J. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.33393\/dti.2007.2025","article-title":"Circulating vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels in advanced stage cancer patients compared to normal controls and diabetes mellitus patients with critical ischemia","volume":"2","author":"Kusumanto","year":"2007","journal-title":"Drug. Target. Insights"},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"744","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2006.04.033","article-title":"Treatment of comorbidities besides the treatment of primary tumor may further increase effective management of cancer","volume":"67","author":"Aksoy","year":"2006","journal-title":"Med. Hypotheses"},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.117.10271","article-title":"Mechanisms of VEGF-Inhibitor Associated Hypertension and Vascular Disease","volume":"71","author":"Pandey","year":"2018","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1006\/meth.2001.1262","article-title":"Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the 2(-Delta Delta C(T)) Method","volume":"25","author":"Livak","year":"2001","journal-title":"Methods"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Molecular Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/24\/9\/8348\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T19:30:16Z","timestamp":1760124616000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/24\/9\/8348"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,6]]},"references-count":60,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5]]}},"alternative-id":["ijms24098348"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms24098348","relation":{},"ISSN":["1422-0067"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1422-0067","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,6]]}}}