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Constantly increasing antibiotic resistance of H. pylori is a major cause of treatment failure and a major problem. According to the VI Maastricht Consensus, two main strategies for choosing eradication therapy are recommended: individualized based on evaluating sensitivity to antibacterial drugs (phenotypic or molecular genetic method) prior to their appointment, and empirical, which takes into account data on local H. pylori resistance to clarithromycin and monitoring effectiveness schemes in the region. Therefore, the determination of H. pylori resistance to antibiotics, especially clarithromycin, prior to choosing therapeutic strategy is extremely important for the implementation of these treatment regimens.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24119433","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,29]],"date-time":"2023-05-29T07:54:16Z","timestamp":1685346856000},"page":"9433","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":47,"title":["Helicobacter pylori Antibiotic Resistance: Molecular Basis and Diagnostic Methods"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5482-6498","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Irina","family":"Medakina","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"SBHI Moscow Clinical Scientific Center, 111123 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7206-8691","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Larisa","family":"Tsapkova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SBHI Moscow Clinical Scientific Center, 111123 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1782-2118","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vera","family":"Polyakova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SBHI Moscow Clinical Scientific Center, 111123 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0673-3590","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sergey","family":"Nikolaev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SBHI Moscow Clinical Scientific Center, 111123 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5146-6925","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tatyana","family":"Yanova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SBHI Moscow Clinical Scientific Center, 111123 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6144-3919","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Natalia","family":"Dekhnich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"FSBEI HE Smolensk State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia, 214019 Smolensk, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3107-3731","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Igor","family":"Khatkov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SBHI Moscow Clinical Scientific Center, 111123 Moscow, Russia"},{"name":"Department of Propaedeutic of Internal Diseases and Gastroenterology, FSBEI HE Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, 127473 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2815-3992","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dmitry","family":"Bordin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SBHI Moscow Clinical Scientific Center, 111123 Moscow, Russia"},{"name":"Department of Propaedeutic of Internal Diseases and Gastroenterology, FSBEI HE Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, 127473 Moscow, Russia"},{"name":"Department of General Medical Practice and Family Medicine, FSBEI HE Tver State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia, 170100 Tver, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3119-7673","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Natalia","family":"Bodunova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SBHI Moscow Clinical Scientific Center, 111123 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Maev, I.V. 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