{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,7]],"date-time":"2026-02-07T11:51:03Z","timestamp":1770465063299,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,2]],"date-time":"2023-06-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1685664000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002631","name":"Gachon University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["202103940001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202103940001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002631","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Acne is a common skin condition caused by the growth of certain bacteria. Many plant extracts have been investigated for their potential to combat acne-inducing microbes, and one such plant extract is microwave-assisted Opuntia humifusa extract (MA-OHE). The MA-OHE was loaded onto zinc-aminoclay (ZnAC) and encapsulated in a Pickering emulsion system (MA-OHE\/ZnAC PE) to evaluate its therapeutic potential against acne-inducing microbes. Dynamic light scattering and scanning electron microscopy were used to characterize MA-OHE\/ZnAC PE with a mean particle diameter of 353.97 nm and a PDI of 0.629. The antimicrobial effect of MA-OHE\/ZnAC was evaluated against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Cutibacterium acnes (C. acnes), which contribute to acne inflammation. The antibacterial activity of MA-OHE\/ZnAC was 0.1 and 0.025 mg\/mL to S. aureus and C. acnes, respectively, which were close to naturally derived antibiotics. Additionally, the cytotoxicity of MA-OHE, ZnAC, and MA-OHE\/ZnAC was tested, and the results showed that they had no cytotoxic effects on cultured human keratinocytes in a range of 10\u2013100 \u03bcg\/mL. Thus, MA-OHE\/ZnAC is suggested to be a promising antimicrobial agent for treating acne-inducing microbes, while MA-OHE\/ZnAC PE is a potentially advantageous dermal delivery system.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24119669","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,2]],"date-time":"2023-06-02T10:08:41Z","timestamp":1685700521000},"page":"9669","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["A Bioactive Compound-Loaded Zinc-Aminoclay Encapsulated, Pickering Emulsion System for Treating Acne-Inducing Microbes"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Seong-Hyeon","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of BioNano Technology, Gachon University, 1342 Seongnam-daero, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam-si 13120, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"In-Sun","family":"Bae","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Swsonaki Inc., Gwangyang Frontier-Valley 3rd, 30 Gaseok-ro, Incheon 22827, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hyun Uk","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center for Materials Analysis, Korea Basic Science Institute, Daejeon 34133, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ju-Young","family":"Moon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Beauty Design Management, Hansung University, 116, Samseongyo-ro 16gil, Seoul 02876, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4702-0282","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Young-Chul","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of BioNano Technology, Gachon University, 1342 Seongnam-daero, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam-si 13120, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2004.03.005","article-title":"Acne and propionibacterium acnes","volume":"22","author":"Bojar","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin. 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