{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T22:56:57Z","timestamp":1792796217309,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":147,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,5]],"date-time":"2023-06-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1685923200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Mast cells (MCs) are fascinating cells of the innate immune system involved not only in allergic reaction but also in tissue homeostasis, response to infection, wound healing, protection against kidney injury, the effects of pollution and, in some circumstances, cancer. Indeed, exploring their role in respiratory allergic diseases would give us, perhaps, novel therapy targets. Based on this, there is currently a great demand for therapeutic regimens to enfeeble the damaging impact of MCs in these pathological conditions. Several strategies can accomplish this at different levels in response to MC activation, including targeting individual mediators released by MCs, blockade of receptors for MC-released compounds, inhibition of MC activation, limiting mast cell growth, or inducing mast cell apoptosis. The current work focuses on and summarizes the mast cells\u2019 role in pathogenesis and as a personalized treatment target in allergic rhinitis and asthma; even these supposed treatments are still at the preclinical stage.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24119771","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,6]],"date-time":"2023-06-06T02:57:30Z","timestamp":1686020250000},"page":"9771","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Mast Cells in Upper and Lower Airway Diseases: Sentinels in the Front Line"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Giovanni","family":"Costanzo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Personalized Medicine, Asthma and Allergy, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, 20089 Rozzano, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2269-0439","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giulia Anna Maria Luigia","family":"Costanzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09124 Monserrato, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lorenzo","family":"Del Moro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Personalized Medicine, Asthma and Allergy, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, 20089 Rozzano, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50121 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emanuele","family":"Nappi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Personalized Medicine, Asthma and Allergy, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, 20089 Rozzano, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4236-7367","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Corrado","family":"Pelaia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Sciences, University \u2018Magna Gr\u00e6cia\u2019 of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6638-5626","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesca","family":"Puggioni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Personalized Medicine, Asthma and Allergy, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, 20089 Rozzano, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giorgio Walter","family":"Canonica","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Personalized Medicine, Asthma and Allergy, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, 20089 Rozzano, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, 20072 Pieve Emanuele, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0492-5663","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Enrico","family":"Heffler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Personalized Medicine, Asthma and Allergy, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, 20089 Rozzano, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, 20072 Pieve Emanuele, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3953-9225","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giovanni","family":"Paoletti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Personalized Medicine, Asthma and Allergy, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, 20089 Rozzano, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, 20072 Pieve Emanuele, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1833","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2022.01.030","article-title":"Selected recent advances in understanding the role of human mast cells in health and disease","volume":"149","author":"Gibbs","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. 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