{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,12]],"date-time":"2026-09-12T18:34:47Z","timestamp":1789238087616,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":160,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,6]],"date-time":"2023-06-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1686009600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Minist\u00e8re de l\u2019Enseignement Sup\u00e9rieur et de la Recherche and CNRS","award":["UMR 7291"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UMR 7291"]}]},{"name":"Minist\u00e8re de l\u2019Enseignement Sup\u00e9rieur et de la Recherche and CNRS","award":["AMX-19-IET-004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AMX-19-IET-004"]}]},{"name":"Minist\u00e8re de l\u2019Enseignement Sup\u00e9rieur et de la Recherche and CNRS","award":["ANR-17-EURE-0029"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ANR-17-EURE-0029"]}]},{"name":"French government","award":["UMR 7291"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UMR 7291"]}]},{"name":"French government","award":["AMX-19-IET-004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AMX-19-IET-004"]}]},{"name":"French government","award":["ANR-17-EURE-0029"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ANR-17-EURE-0029"]}]},{"name":"A*Midex","award":["UMR 7291"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UMR 7291"]}]},{"name":"A*Midex","award":["AMX-19-IET-004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AMX-19-IET-004"]}]},{"name":"A*Midex","award":["ANR-17-EURE-0029"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ANR-17-EURE-0029"]}]},{"name":"ANR","award":["UMR 7291"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UMR 7291"]}]},{"name":"ANR","award":["AMX-19-IET-004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AMX-19-IET-004"]}]},{"name":"ANR","award":["ANR-17-EURE-0029"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ANR-17-EURE-0029"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>A recent work of our group has shown the significant effects of thyroxine treatment on the restoration of postural balance function in a rodent model of acute peripheral vestibulopathy. Based on these findings, we attempt to shed light in this review on the interaction between the hypothalamic\u2013pituitary\u2013thyroid axis and the vestibular system in normal and pathological situations. Pubmed database and relevant websites were searched from inception through to 4 February 2023. All studies relevant to each subsection of this review have been included. After describing the role of thyroid hormones in the development of the inner ear, we investigated the possible link between the thyroid axis and the vestibular system in normal and pathological conditions. The mechanisms and cellular sites of action of thyroid hormones on animal models of vestibulopathy are postulated and therapeutic options are proposed. In view of their pleiotropic action, thyroid hormones represent a target of choice to promote vestibular compensation at different levels. However, very few studies have investigated the relationship between thyroid hormones and the vestibular system. It seems then important to more extensively investigate the link between the endocrine system and the vestibule in order to better understand the vestibular physiopathology and to find new therapeutic leads.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24129826","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,7]],"date-time":"2023-06-07T02:28:45Z","timestamp":1686104925000},"page":"9826","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Thyroid Axis and Vestibular Physiopathology: From Animal Model to Pathology"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Guillaume","family":"Rastoldo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Aix Marseille Universit\u00e9-CNRS, Laboratoire de Neurosciences Cognitives, LNC UMR 7291, 13331 Marseille, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6125-3760","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Brahim","family":"Tighilet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aix Marseille Universit\u00e9-CNRS, Laboratoire de Neurosciences Cognitives, LNC UMR 7291, 13331 Marseille, France"},{"name":"GDR Vertige CNRS Unit\u00e9 GDR2074, 13331 Marseille, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Feingold, K.R., Anawalt, B., Boyce, A., Chrousos, G., Dungan, K., Grossman, A., Hershman, J.M., Kaltsas, G., Koch, C., and Kopp, P. 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