{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T02:13:26Z","timestamp":1793326406010,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,9]],"date-time":"2023-06-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1686268800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"TREATCANCERV","award":["113556"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["113556"]}]},{"name":"InProTher ApS","award":["113556"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["113556"]}]},{"name":"Sirion Biotech","award":["113556"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["113556"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Expression of human endogenous retrovirus type W (HERV-W) has been linked to cancer, making HERV-W antigens potential targets for therapeutic cancer vaccines. In a previous study, we effectively treated established tumours in mice by using adenoviral-vectored vaccines targeting the murine endogenous retrovirus envelope and group-specific antigen (Gag) of melanoma-associated retrovirus (MelARV) in combination with anti-PD-1. To break the immunological tolerance to MelARV, we mutated the immunosuppressive domain (ISD) of the MelARV envelope. However, reports on the immunogenicity of the HERV-W envelope, Syncytin-1, and its ISD are conflicting. To identify the most effective HERV-W cancer vaccine candidate, we evaluated the immunogenicity of vaccines encoding either the wild-type or mutated HERV-W envelope ISD in vitro and in vivo. Here, we show that the wild-type HERV-W vaccine generated higher activation of murine antigen-presenting cells and higher specific T-cell responses than the ISD-mutated counterpart. We also found that the wild-type HERV-W vaccine was sufficient to increase the probability of survival in mice subjected to HERV-W envelope-expressing tumours compared to a control vaccine. These findings provide the foundation for developing a therapeutic cancer vaccine targeting HERV-W-positive cancers in humans.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24129972","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,9]],"date-time":"2023-06-09T10:52:15Z","timestamp":1686307935000},"page":"9972","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Human Ad19a\/64 HERV-W Vaccines Uncover Immunosuppression Domain-Dependent T-Cell Response Differences in Inbred Mice"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Isabella","family":"Skandorff","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark"},{"name":"InProTher, COBIS, Ole Maaloesvej 3, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5460-7789","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emeline","family":"Ragonnaud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"InProTher, COBIS, Ole Maaloesvej 3, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jasmin","family":"Gille","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Molecular Microbiology, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne-Marie","family":"Andersson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"InProTher, COBIS, Ole Maaloesvej 3, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silke","family":"Schr\u00f6del","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sirion Biotech GmbH, Am Haag 6, 82166 Graefelfing, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lara","family":"Duvnjak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark"},{"name":"InProTher, COBIS, Ole Maaloesvej 3, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Louise","family":"Turner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Thirion","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sirion Biotech GmbH, Am Haag 6, 82166 Graefelfing, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ralf","family":"Wagner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Molecular Microbiology, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1279-304X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter Johannes","family":"Holst","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"InProTher, COBIS, Ole Maaloesvej 3, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1537","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annonc.2021.08.2153","article-title":"Therapeutic cancer vaccines revamping: Technology advancements and pitfalls","volume":"32","author":"Antonarelli","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ann. 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