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Most gynecological cancers are diagnosed at a late stage, either because a lack of symptoms, such as in ovarian cancer or limited accessibility to primary prevention in low-resource countries, such as in cervical cancer. Here, we extend the studies of AR2011, a stroma-targeted and tumor microenvironment responsive oncolytic adenovirus (OAdV), whose replication is driven by a triple hybrid promoter. We show that AR2011 was able to replicate and lyse in vitro fresh explants obtained from human ovarian cancer, uterine cancer, and cervical cancer. AR2011 was also able to strongly inhibit the in vitro growth of ovarian malignant cells obtained from human ascites fluid. The virus could synergize in vitro with cisplatin even on ascites-derived cells obtained from patients heavily pretreated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy. AR2011(h404), a dual transcriptionally targeted derived virus armed with hCD40L and h41BBL under the regulation of the hTERT promoter, showed a strong efficacy in vivo both on subcutaneous and intraperitoneally established human ovarian cancer in nude mice. Preliminary studies in an immunocompetent murine tumor model showed that AR2011(m404) expressing the murine cytokines was able to induce an abscopal effect. The present studies suggest that AR2011(h404) is a likely candidate as a novel medicine for intraperitoneal disseminated ovarian cancer.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24129992","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,12]],"date-time":"2023-06-12T03:02:27Z","timestamp":1686538947000},"page":"9992","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["In Vitro and In Vivo Efficacy of a Stroma-Targeted, Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Oncolytic Adenovirus in Different Preclinical Models of Cancer"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Ana","family":"Alfano","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Therapy, Instituto Leloir, IIBBA-CONICET, Avenida Patricias Argentinas 435, Ciudad Aut\u00f3noma de Buenos Aires C1405BWE, Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5089-3757","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eduardo G. A.","family":"Cafferata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Therapy, Instituto Leloir, IIBBA-CONICET, Avenida Patricias Argentinas 435, Ciudad Aut\u00f3noma de Buenos Aires C1405BWE, Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mariela","family":"Gangemi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Therapy, Instituto Leloir, IIBBA-CONICET, Avenida Patricias Argentinas 435, Ciudad Aut\u00f3noma de Buenos Aires C1405BWE, Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alejandro","family":"Nicola Candia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Therapy, Instituto Leloir, IIBBA-CONICET, Avenida Patricias Argentinas 435, Ciudad Aut\u00f3noma de Buenos Aires C1405BWE, Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cristian M.","family":"Malnero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Ingenier\u00eda, Universidad Argentina de la Empresa, Lima 775, Ciudad Aut\u00f3noma de Buenos Aires C1073AAO, Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ismael","family":"Bermudez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Ingenier\u00eda, Universidad Argentina de la Empresa, Lima 775, Ciudad Aut\u00f3noma de Buenos Aires C1073AAO, Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-4315-4550","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mauricio Vargas","family":"Lopez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Therapy, Instituto Leloir, IIBBA-CONICET, Avenida Patricias Argentinas 435, Ciudad Aut\u00f3noma de Buenos Aires C1405BWE, Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gregorio David","family":"R\u00edos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Therapy, Instituto Leloir, IIBBA-CONICET, Avenida Patricias Argentinas 435, Ciudad Aut\u00f3noma de Buenos Aires C1405BWE, Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cecilia","family":"Rotondaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Therapy, Instituto Leloir, IIBBA-CONICET, Avenida Patricias Argentinas 435, Ciudad Aut\u00f3noma de Buenos Aires C1405BWE, Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicasio","family":"Cuneo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Servicio de Ginecolog\u00eda, Departamento de Cirug\u00eda, Hospital Municipal de Oncolog\u00eda Maria Curie, Avenida Patricias Argentinas 750, Ciudad Aut\u00f3noma de Buenos Aires C1405BWE, Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3802-6014","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David T.","family":"Curiel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cancer Biology, Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Osvaldo L.","family":"Podhajcer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Therapy, Instituto Leloir, IIBBA-CONICET, Avenida Patricias Argentinas 435, Ciudad Aut\u00f3noma de Buenos Aires C1405BWE, Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3552-4990","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Veronica","family":"Lopez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Therapy, Instituto Leloir, IIBBA-CONICET, Avenida Patricias Argentinas 435, Ciudad Aut\u00f3noma de Buenos Aires C1405BWE, Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1092","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2016.04.009","article-title":"Effector T Cells Abrogate Stroma-Mediated Chemoresistance in Ovarian Cancer","volume":"165","author":"Wang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11150","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms11150","article-title":"Exosomal transfer of stroma-derived miR21 confers paclitaxel resistance in ovarian cancer cells through targeting APAF1","volume":"7","author":"Co","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. 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