{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,11]],"date-time":"2026-07-11T11:13:51Z","timestamp":1783768431330,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,24]],"date-time":"2023-06-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1687564800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009687","name":"Ministry of Health subvention","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SUBK.D010.22.041"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SUBK.D010.22.041"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009687","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and -9 are gelatinases which are capable of degrading type IV collagen and have been linked to cancer invasion and metastatic development. MMP-2 and MMP-9 gene polymorphisms may affect their biological function, and thus their role in cancer development and progression. We analyzed the association of the polymorphism frequencies of MMP-2-735C\/T and MMP-9-1562C\/T with MMP-2 and MMP-9 serum concentrations, as well as their potential effects in lung cancer patients. We conducted a retrospective, case-control study consisting of 112 lung cancer patients and 100 healthy individuals from a Caucasian population in Poland. Polymerase chain reaction with restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR\/RFLP) and electrophoresis was used to genotype genomic DNA from whole blood samples. MMP-2 and MMP-9 serum concentrations were then determined using ELISA. For statistical analysis, Statistica version 13 from TIBCO Software Inc. was utilized with a significance level &lt;0.05. Logistic regression analysis revealed that MMP-2-735CC (OR = 5.39; 95% CI = 0.62\u201347.17; p = 0.238504) and -735CT genotype (OR = 7.22; 95% CI = 0.78\u201367.14; p = 0.072836), as well as MMP-9-1562CC (OR = 1.45; 95% CI = 0.31\u20136.70; p = 0.757914) and -1562CT genotype (OR = 1.60; 95% CI = 0.33\u20137.83; p = 0.548801) were associated with a higher risk of lung cancer. There were statistically significant differences observed in the MMP-2 concentration between individuals with the -735CC genotype and the -735CT genotype (non-smoking control: 204.04 ng\/mL vs. 237.00 ng\/mL, respectively, p = 0.041479; adenocarcinoma patients: 157.69 ng\/mL vs. 126.37 ng\/mL, respectively, p = 0.013222), as well as differences in the MMP-9 concentration between individuals with the -1562CC genotype and the -1562CT genotype (smoking control: 385.67 ng\/mL vs. 562.80 ng\/mL, respectively, p = 0.000936; patients with other lung neoplasms: 821.64 ng\/mL vs. 928.88 ng\/mL, respectively p = 0.023315). The role of MMP-2-735C\/T and MMP-9 -1562C\/T polymorphisms in an increased risk of lung cancer cannot be dismissed. Specific genotypes affect MMP-2 and MMP-9 concentrations in both lung cancer patients and healthy controls, which may thereby increase lung cancer risk, disease aggressiveness, and patient survival outcomes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms241310576","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,26]],"date-time":"2023-06-26T01:42:32Z","timestamp":1687743752000},"page":"10576","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Analysis of MMP-2-735C\/T (rs2285053) and MMP-9-1562C\/T (rs3918242) Polymorphisms in the Risk Assessment of Developing Lung Cancer"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2077-8015","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katarzyna","family":"Wadowska","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics, Division of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Haematology, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211A, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5694-0638","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Piotr","family":"B\u0142asiak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department and Clinic of Thoracic Surgery, Wroclaw Medical University, Grabiszy\u0144ska 105, 53-439 Wroclaw, Poland"},{"name":"Department of Thoracic Surgery, Lower Silesian Centre of Oncology, Lung Diseases and Haematology, Grabiszy\u0144ska 105, 53-439 Wroclaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adam","family":"Rzechonek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Thoracic Surgery, Lower Silesian Centre of Oncology, Lung Diseases and Haematology, Grabiszy\u0144ska 105, 53-439 Wroclaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mariola","family":"\u015aliwi\u0144ska-Mosso\u0144","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics, Division of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Haematology, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211A, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1014","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.48.6.1014","article-title":"Collagenolytic activity in amphibian tissues: A tissue culture assay","volume":"48","author":"Gross","year":"1962","journal-title":"Proc. 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