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Three novel microemulsions systems were constructed and then were used to recover Pd (II) from cyanide media. Key extraction parameters such as the concentration of ionic liquids (ILs), equilibration time, phase ratio (RA\/O), and pH were evaluated. The [BUIm]Br\/n-heptane\/n-pentanol\/sodium chloride microemulsion system exhibited a higher extraction percentage of Pd (II) than the [BOIm]Br\/n-heptane\/n-pentanol\/sodium chloride and [BCIm]Br\/n-heptane\/n-pentanol\/sodium chloride microemulsion systems. Under the optimal conditions (equilibrium time of 10 min and pH 10), the extraction percentages of these metals were all higher than 98.5% when using the [BUIm]Br\/n-heptane\/n-pentanol\/sodium chloride microemulsion system. Pd(CN)42\u2212 was separated through a two-step stripping procedure, in which Fe (III) and Co (III) were first separated using KCl solution, then Pd(CN)42\u2212 was stripped using KSCN solution (separation factors of Pd from Fe and Co exceeded 103). After five extraction\u2013recovery experiments, the recovery of Pd (II) through the microemulsion system remained over 90%. The Pd (II) extraction mechanism of the ionic liquid [BUIm]Br was determined to occur via anion exchange, as shown by spectral analysis (UV, FTIR), Job\u2019s method, and DFT calculations. The proposed process has potential applications for the comprehensive treatment of cyanide metallurgical wastewater.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms241310709","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,28]],"date-time":"2023-06-28T00:25:21Z","timestamp":1687911921000},"page":"10709","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Separation of Palladium from Alkaline Cyanide Solutions through Microemulsion Extraction Using Imidazolium Ionic Liquids"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Hui","family":"Deng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chali","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuanyuan","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhan","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhangjie","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105417","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resconrec.2021.105417","article-title":"Separation and purification of platinum group metals from aqueous solution: Recent developments and industrial applications","volume":"167","author":"Zheng","year":"2021","journal-title":"Resour. 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