{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T23:01:46Z","timestamp":1791241306366,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":75,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,4]],"date-time":"2023-07-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1688428800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"CONACyT","award":["CF-2023-I-355 (PdeG)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CF-2023-I-355 (PdeG)"]}]},{"name":"CONACyT","award":["A1-S-27322 (EA-S)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["A1-S-27322 (EA-S)"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) is a tripeptide that regulates the neuroendocrine thyroid axis. Moreover, its widespread brain distribution has indicated that it is a relevant neuromodulator of behaviors such as feeding, arousal, anxiety, and locomotion. Importantly, it is also a neurotrophic peptide, and thus may halt the development of neurodegenerative diseases and improve mood-related disorders. Its neuroprotective actions on those pathologies and behaviors have been limited due to its poor intestinal and blood\u2013brain barrier permeability, and because it is rapidly degraded by a serum enzyme. As new strategies such as TRH intranasal delivery emerge, a renewed interest in the peptide has arisen. TRH analogs have proven to be safe in animals and humans, while not inducing alterations in thyroid hormones\u2019 levels. In this review, we integrate research from different approaches, aiming to demonstrate the therapeutic effects of TRH, and to summarize new efforts to prolong and facilitate the peptide\u2019s actions to improve symptoms and the progression of several pathologies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms241311047","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,4]],"date-time":"2023-07-04T01:32:18Z","timestamp":1688434338000},"page":"11047","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["New Efforts to Demonstrate the Successful Use of TRH as a Therapeutic Agent"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Elena","family":"Alvarez-Salas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Neurofisiolog\u00eda Molecular, Direcci\u00f3n de Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatr\u00eda Ram\u00f3n de la Fuente Mu\u00f1iz, Calzada M\u00e9xico-Xochimilco 101, San Lorenzo Huipulco, Tlalpan, Mexico City CP 14370, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cinthia","family":"Garc\u00eda-Luna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Neurofisiolog\u00eda Molecular, Direcci\u00f3n de Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatr\u00eda Ram\u00f3n de la Fuente Mu\u00f1iz, Calzada M\u00e9xico-Xochimilco 101, San Lorenzo Huipulco, Tlalpan, Mexico City CP 14370, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9402-2061","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patricia","family":"de Gortari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Neurofisiolog\u00eda Molecular, Direcci\u00f3n de Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatr\u00eda Ram\u00f3n de la Fuente Mu\u00f1iz, Calzada M\u00e9xico-Xochimilco 101, San Lorenzo Huipulco, Tlalpan, Mexico City CP 14370, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4077","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(17)36387-1","article-title":"Isolation and Properties of Porcine Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone","volume":"244","author":"Schally","year":"1969","journal-title":"J. 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