{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T23:20:29Z","timestamp":1792106429585,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":83,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"14","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,21]],"date-time":"2023-07-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1689897600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Institut National de la Sant\u00e9 et de la Recherche M\u00e9dicale (INSERM)","award":["ANR-18-IAHU-0001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ANR-18-IAHU-0001"]}]},{"name":"Sorbonne University","award":["ANR-18-IAHU-0001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ANR-18-IAHU-0001"]}]},{"name":"Agence Nationale pour la Recherche (ANR)","award":["ANR-18-IAHU-0001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ANR-18-IAHU-0001"]}]},{"name":"Programme Investissements d\u2019Avenir IHU FOReSIGHT","award":["ANR-18-IAHU-0001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ANR-18-IAHU-0001"]}]},{"name":"Union Nationale des Aveugles et D\u00e9ficient Visuels (UNADEV)","award":["ANR-18-IAHU-0001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ANR-18-IAHU-0001"]}]},{"name":"Retina France","award":["ANR-18-IAHU-0001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ANR-18-IAHU-0001"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Alzheimer\u2019s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized by impaired episodic memory and two pathological lesions: amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. In AD, damaged neurons and the accumulation of amyloid \u03b2 (A\u03b2) peptides cause a significant release of high amounts of extracellular ATP, which acts as a danger signal. The purinergic receptor P2X7 is the main sensor of high concentrations of ATP, and P2X7 has been shown to be upregulated in the brains of AD patients, contributing to the disease\u2019s pathological processes. Further, there are many polymorphisms of the P2X7 gene that impact the risk of developing AD. P2X7 can directly modulate A\u03b2 plaques and Tau protein lesions as well as the inflammatory response by regulating NLRP3 inflammasome and the expression of several chemokines. The significant role of microglial P2X7 in AD has been well established, although other cell types may also be important in P2X7-mediated mechanisms. In this review, we will discuss the different P2X7-dependent pathways involved in the development of AD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms241411747","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,24]],"date-time":"2023-07-24T00:47:03Z","timestamp":1690159623000},"page":"11747","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["The P2X7 Receptor, a Multifaceted Receptor in Alzheimer\u2019s Disease"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6727-5776","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kaitryn E.","family":"Ronning","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, Sorbonne University, F-75012 Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul-Alexandre","family":"D\u00e9chelle-Marquet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, Sorbonne University, F-75012 Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yueshen","family":"Che","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, Sorbonne University, F-75012 Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7379-3935","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xavier","family":"Guillonneau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, Sorbonne University, F-75012 Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Florian","family":"Sennlaub","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, Sorbonne University, F-75012 Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9739-4306","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"C\u00e9cile","family":"Delarasse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, Sorbonne University, F-75012 Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2019.09.017","article-title":"Full-Length P2X7 Structures Reveal How Palmitoylation Prevents Channel Desensitization","volume":"179","author":"McCarthy","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114472","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2021.114472","article-title":"P2X7 Receptors in the Central Nervous System","volume":"187","author":"Ortega","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biochem. 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