{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T04:48:37Z","timestamp":1787028517457,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"14","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,21]],"date-time":"2023-07-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1689897600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"FAR","award":["2017\u20132021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017\u20132021"]}]},{"name":"FAR","award":["n\u00b0 9\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["n\u00b0 9\/2020"]}]},{"name":"FAR","award":["n\u00b0 3776\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["n\u00b0 3776\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Fondazione Gigi and Pupa Ferrari Onlus","award":["2017\u20132021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017\u20132021"]}]},{"name":"Fondazione Gigi and Pupa Ferrari Onlus","award":["n\u00b0 9\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["n\u00b0 9\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Fondazione Gigi and Pupa Ferrari Onlus","award":["n\u00b0 3776\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["n\u00b0 3776\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Regione Lombardia","award":["2017\u20132021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017\u20132021"]}]},{"name":"Regione Lombardia","award":["n\u00b0 9\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["n\u00b0 9\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Regione Lombardia","award":["n\u00b0 3776\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["n\u00b0 3776\/2020"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN) is a pathologically defined disorder of the glomerulus, primarily responsible for nephrotic syndromes (NS) in nondiabetic adults. The underlying molecular mechanisms are still not completely clarified. To explore possible molecular and functional signatures, an optimised mass spectrometry (MS) method based on next-generation data-independent acquisition combined with ion-mobility was applied to serum of patients affected by IMN (n = 15) or by other glomerulopathies (PN) (n = 15). The statistical comparison highlighted a panel of 57 de-regulated proteins with a significant increase in lipoprotein-related proteins (APOC1, APOB, APOA1, APOL1 and LCAT) and a substantial quantitative alteration of key serpins (including A4, D1, A7, A6, F2, F1 and 1) possibly associated with IMN or NS and podocyte stress. A critical dysregulation in metabolisms of lipids (e.g., VLDL assembly and clearance) likely to be related to known hyperlipidemia in IMN, along with involvement of non-classical complement pathways and a putative enrolment of ficolin-2 in sustaining the activation of the lectin-mediated complement system have been pinpointed. Moreover, mannose receptor CD206 (MRC1-down in IMN) and biotinidase (BTD-up in IMN) are able alone to accurately distinguish IMN vs. PN. To conclude, our work provides key proteomic insights into the IMN complexity, opening the way to an efficient stratification of MN patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms241411756","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,24]],"date-time":"2023-07-24T00:47:03Z","timestamp":1690159623000},"page":"11756","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Towards the Definition of the Molecular Hallmarks of Idiopathic Membranous Nephropathy in Serum Proteome: A DIA-PASEF Approach"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7837-0798","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paolo","family":"Previtali","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Proteomics and Metabolomics Unit, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20854 Vedano al Lambro, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9870-932X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lisa","family":"Pagani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Proteomics and Metabolomics Unit, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20854 Vedano al Lambro, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6389-9434","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giulia","family":"Risca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bicocca Bioinformatics Biostatistics and Bioimaging Centre\u2014B4, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20854 Vedano al Lambro, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8178-2440","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giulia","family":"Capitoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bicocca Bioinformatics Biostatistics and Bioimaging Centre\u2014B4, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20854 Vedano al Lambro, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eleonora","family":"Bossi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Proteomics and Metabolomics Unit, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20854 Vedano al Lambro, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Glenda","family":"Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Proteomics and Metabolomics Unit, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20854 Vedano al Lambro, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8221-2493","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Isabella","family":"Piga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Proteomics and Metabolomics Unit, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20854 Vedano al Lambro, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonella","family":"Radice","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbiology Institute, ASST (Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale) Santi Paolo e Carlo, 20142 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barbara","family":"Trezzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano Bicocca and Nephrology, 20900 Monza, Italy"},{"name":"Dialysis Unit, ASST-Monza, Ospedale San Gerardo, 20900 Monza, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9470-218X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Renato Alberto","family":"Sinico","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano Bicocca and Nephrology, 20900 Monza, Italy"},{"name":"Dialysis Unit, ASST-Monza, Ospedale San Gerardo, 20900 Monza, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8663-0374","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fulvio","family":"Magni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Proteomics and Metabolomics Unit, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20854 Vedano al Lambro, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7921-7768","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Clizia","family":"Chinello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Proteomics and Metabolomics Unit, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20854 Vedano al Lambro, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"845767","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.845767","article-title":"Novel Biomarkers in Membranous Nephropathy","volume":"13","author":"Liu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. 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