{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,13]],"date-time":"2026-07-13T12:06:12Z","timestamp":1783944372230,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":155,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"14","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,22]],"date-time":"2023-07-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1689984000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000024","name":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["202010PJT"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202010PJT"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000024","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Breast Cancer Canada","award":["202010PJT"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202010PJT"]}]},{"name":"Susanne and Richard Shaftoe through the London Health Sciences Foundation","award":["202010PJT"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202010PJT"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Breast cancer is a prominent cause of cancer diagnosis and death in women globally, with over 90% of deaths being attributed to complications that arise from metastasis. One of the common locations for breast cancer metastasis is the lung, which is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Curative treatments for metastatic breast cancer patients are not available and the molecular mechanisms that underlie lung metastasis are not fully understood. In order to better treat these patients, identifying events that occur both prior to and during metastatic spread to the lung is essential. Several studies have demonstrated that breast cancer-derived extracellular vesicles secreted from the primary breast tumor play a key role in establishing the lung pre-metastatic niche to support colonization of metastatic tumor cells. In this review, we summarize recent work supporting the influence of extracellular vesicles on stromal components of the lung to construct the pre-metastatic niche and support metastasis. Furthermore, we discuss the potential clinical applications of utilizing extracellular vesicles for diagnosis and treatment. Together, this review highlights the dynamic nature of extracellular vesicles, their roles in breast cancer metastasis to the lung, and their value as potential biomarkers and therapeutics for cancer prevention.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms241411801","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,24]],"date-time":"2023-07-24T00:47:03Z","timestamp":1690159623000},"page":"11801","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Influence of Extracellular Vesicles on Lung Stromal Cells during Breast Cancer Metastasis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Urvi","family":"Patel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Western University, London, ON N6A 5W9, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Susman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Western University, London, ON N6A 5W9, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alison L.","family":"Allan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Anatomy & Cell Biology and Oncology, Western University, London, ON N6A 5W9, Canada"},{"name":"London Regional Cancer Program, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON N6A 5W9, Canada"},{"name":"Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON N6A 5W9, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21660","article-title":"Global Cancer Statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN Estimates of Incidence and Mortality Worldwide for 36 Cancers in 185 Countries","volume":"71","author":"Sung","year":"2021","journal-title":"CA Cancer J. 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