{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T12:28:37Z","timestamp":1793363317870,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":149,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"15","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,25]],"date-time":"2023-07-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1690243200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Accounting for 5\u201320% of the total glial cells present in the adult brain, microglia are involved in several functions: maintenance of the neural environment, response to injury and repair, immunesurveillance, cytokine secretion, regulation of phagocytosis, synaptic pruning, and sculpting postnatal neural circuits. Microglia contribute to some neurodevelopmental disorders, such as Nasu\u2013Hakola disease (NHD), Tourette syndrome (TS), autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and schizophrenia. Moreover, microglial involvement in neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer\u2019s (AD) and Parkinson\u2019s (PD) diseases, has also been well established. During the last two decades, epidemiological and research studies have demonstrated the involvement of vitamin D3 (VD3) in the brain\u2019s pathophysiology. VD3 is a fat-soluble metabolite that is required for the proper regulation of many of the body\u2019s systems, as well as for normal human growth and development, and shows neurotrophic and neuroprotective actions and influences on neurotransmission and synaptic plasticity, playing a role in various neurological diseases. In order to better understand the exact mechanisms behind the diverse actions of VD3 in the brain, a large number of studies have been performed on isolated cells or tissues of the central nervous system (CNS). Here, we discuss the involvement of VD3 and microglia on neurodegeneration- and aging-related diseases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms241511892","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,26]],"date-time":"2023-07-26T00:45:02Z","timestamp":1690332302000},"page":"11892","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["Microglia and Brain Disorders: The Role of Vitamin D and Its Receptor"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Alessandra","family":"Mirarchi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5745-5343","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elisabetta","family":"Albi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9637-6579","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tommaso","family":"Beccari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3114-8812","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cataldo","family":"Arcuri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2015.03.007","article-title":"Neuroinflammation in the normal aging hippocampus","volume":"309","author":"Barrientos","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"124","article-title":"Microglial cell dysregulation in brain aging and neurodegeneration","volume":"7","author":"Eugenin","year":"2015","journal-title":"Front. 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