{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T05:57:53Z","timestamp":1773813473590,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":78,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"15","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,30]],"date-time":"2023-07-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1690675200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR)","award":["R01 DE-014344"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 DE-014344"]}]},{"name":"National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR)","award":["AI-0819529"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AI-0819529"]}]},{"name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)","award":["R01 DE-014344"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 DE-014344"]}]},{"name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)","award":["AI-0819529"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AI-0819529"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Although multiple mouse strains have been advanced as models for Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome (SS), which is a human systemic autoimmune disease characterized primarily as the loss of lacrimal and salivary gland functions, the C57BL\/6.NOD-Aec1Aec2 recombinant inbred (RI) mouse derived from the NOD\/ShiLtJ line is considered one of the more appropriate models exhibiting virtually all the characteristics of the human disease. This mouse model, as well as other mouse models of SS, have shown that B lymphocytes are essential for the onset and development of observed clinical manifestations. Recently, studies carried out in the C57BL\/6.IL14\u03b1 transgenic mouse have provided clear evidence that the marginal zone B (MZB) cell population is directly involved in the early pathological events initiating the development of the clinical SS disease, as well as late-stage lymphomagenesis resulting in B-cell lymphomas. Since MZB cells are difficult to study in vivo and in vitro, we carried out a series of ex vivo investigations that utilize temporal global RNA transcriptomic analyses to profile differentially expressed genes exhibiting temporal upregulation during the initial onset and subsequent development of pathophysiological events within the lacrimal and salivary gland tissues per se or associated with the leukocyte cell migrations into these glands. The initial transcriptomic analyses revealed that while the upregulated gene expression profiles obtained from lacrimal and salivary glands overlap, multiple genetic differences exist between the defined activated pathways. In the current study, we present a concept suggesting that the initial pathological events differ between the two glands, yet the subsequent upregulated TLR4\/TLR3 signal transduction pathway that activates the type-1 interferon signature appears to be identical in the two glands and indicates an autoimmune response against dsRNA, possibly a virus. Here, we attempt to put these findings into perspective and determine how they can impact the design of future therapeutic protocols.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms241512209","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,31]],"date-time":"2023-07-31T01:28:46Z","timestamp":1690766926000},"page":"12209","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Marginal Zone B (MZB) Cells: Comparison of the Initial Identification of Immune Activity Leading to Dacryoadenitis and Sialadenitis in Experimental Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s Syndrome"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Ammon B.","family":"Peck","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4505-796X","authenticated-orcid":false,"suffix":"Jr.","given":"Julian L.","family":"Ambrus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, SUNY Buffalo School of Medicine, 875 Ellicott Street, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1177\/154411130201300103","article-title":"Progress in understanding autoimmune exocrinopathy using the non-obese diabetic mouse: An update","volume":"13","author":"Cha","year":"2002","journal-title":"Crit. 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