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Additionally, COVID-19 has the potential to alter the composition of patients\u2019 gut microbiota, characterized by a decreased abundance of bacteria with probiotic effects. Interestingly, certain strains of these bacteria produce metabolites that can target the S protein of other coronaviruses, thereby preventing their transmission and harmful effects. At the same time, the presence of gut dysbiosis can exacerbate inflammation and oxidative stress, creating a vicious cycle that perpetuates the disease. Furthermore, it is widely recognized that the gut microbiota can metabolize various foods and drugs, producing by-products that may have either beneficial or detrimental effects. In this regard, a decrease in short-chain fatty acid (SCFA), such as acetate, propionate, and butyrate, can influence the overall inflammatory and oxidative state, affecting the prevention, treatment, or worsening of COVID-19. This review aims to explore the current evidence regarding gut dysbiosis in patients with COVID-19, its association with inflammation and oxidative stress, the molecular mechanisms involved, and the potential of gut microbiota modulation in preventing and treating SARS-CoV-2 infection. Given that gut microbiota has demonstrated high adaptability, exploring ways and strategies to maintain good intestinal health, as well as an appropriate diversity and composition of the gut microbiome, becomes crucial in the battle against COVID-19.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms241512249","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,31]],"date-time":"2023-07-31T09:22:38Z","timestamp":1690795358000},"page":"12249","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis in COVID-19: Modulation and Approaches for Prevention and Therapy"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2188-977X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Virna Margarita","family":"Mart\u00edn Gim\u00e9nez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias Qu\u00edmicas, Facultad de Ciencias Qu\u00edmicas y Tecnol\u00f3gicas, Universidad Cat\u00f3lica de Cuyo, San Juan 5400, Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Javier","family":"Modrego","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Riesgo Cardiovascular y Microbiota, Hospital Cl\u00ednico San Carlos-Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5056-6489","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dulcenombre","family":"G\u00f3mez-Garre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Riesgo Cardiovascular y Microbiota, Hospital Cl\u00ednico San Carlos-Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Departamento de Fisiolog\u00eda, Facultad de Medicina, Plaza Ram\u00f3n y Cajal, s\/n. Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2279-7626","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Walter","family":"Manucha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"\u00c1rea de Farmacolog\u00eda, Departamento de Patolog\u00eda, Facultad de Ciencias M\u00e9dicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza 5500, Argentina"},{"name":"Instituto de Medicina y Biolog\u00eda Experimental de Cuyo (IMBECU), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas y Tecnol\u00f3gicas (CONICET), Mendoza 5500, Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2960-6175","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Natalia","family":"de las Heras","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Fisiolog\u00eda, Facultad de Medicina, Plaza Ram\u00f3n y Cajal, s\/n. 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