{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T15:05:44Z","timestamp":1778771144402,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":76,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"16","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,15]],"date-time":"2023-08-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1692057600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Stichting Jules Coenegracht Sr.","award":["RSIN 8148.99.110"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RSIN 8148.99.110"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common cause of cancer-related mortality, of which peritoneal metastases (PMs) have the worse outcome. Metastasis-specific markers may help predict the spread of tumor cells and select patients for preventive strategies. This exploratory pilot study aimed to gain more insight into genetic alterations in primary CRC tumors, which might be a predictive factor for the development of PM. Forty patients with T3 stage CRC were retrospectively divided in three groups: without metachronous metastases during 5-year follow-up (M0, n = 20), with metachronous liver metastases (LM, n = 10) and with metachronous PM (PM, n = 10). Patients with synchronous metastases were excluded. Primary formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tumor samples were analyzed via comprehensive genome sequencing (TSO500 analysis) to identify DNA alterations and RNA fusion transcripts in 523 genes and 55 genes, respectively. Thirty-eight samples were included for final analysis. Four M0 tumors and one PM tumor were microsatellite instable. BRAF mutations were uniquely identified in three microsatellite-stable (MSS) PM tumors (37.5%, p = 0.010). RNA analysis showed an additional FAM198A-RAF1 fusion in one PM sample. BRAF p.V600E mutations were only present in PM patients with MSS tumors. Greater attention should be paid to BRAF-mutated tumors in relation to the development of metachronous PM.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms241612830","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,15]],"date-time":"2023-08-15T11:19:17Z","timestamp":1692098357000},"page":"12830","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Predictive Genetic Biomarkers for the Development of Peritoneal Metastases in Colorectal Cancer"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5352-8704","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Danique J. 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E.","family":"Wintjens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of General Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC+), 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3699-2534","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laura","family":"Moonen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GROW School for Oncology and Reproduction, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Pathology, Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC+), 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sanne M. E.","family":"Engelen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC+), 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ignace H. J. T.","family":"de Hingh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GROW School for Oncology and Reproduction, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of General Surgery, Catharina Ziekenhuis, 5623 EJ Eindhoven, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Liselot B.","family":"Valkenburg-van Iersel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GROW School for Oncology and Reproduction, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC+), 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6161-161X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marcel","family":"den Dulk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of General Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC+), 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Surgery and Transplantation, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, 52074 Aachen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jan","family":"Beckervordersandforth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC+), 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sharon G. M.","family":"Thijssen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC+), 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daphne J. G.","family":"Leunissen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GROW School for Oncology and Reproduction, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Pathology, Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC+), 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Laurents P. S.","family":"Stassen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of General Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC+), 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Keszthelyi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC+), 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zlatan","family":"Mujagic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC+), 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3016-2989","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ernst-Jan M.","family":"Speel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GROW School for Oncology and Reproduction, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Pathology, Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC+), 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nicole D.","family":"Bouvy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands"},{"name":"GROW School for Oncology and Reproduction, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"963","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejso.2013.10.001","article-title":"Metachronous peritoneal carcinomatosis after curative treatment of colorectal cancer","volume":"40","author":"Thomassen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur. 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