{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T13:11:57Z","timestamp":1790255517138,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"16","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,18]],"date-time":"2023-08-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1692316800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>A major route for the influx of calcium ions into neurons uses the STIM-Orai1 voltage-independent channel. Once cytosolic calcium ([Ca2+]i) elevates, it activates mitochondrial and endoplasmic calcium stores to affect downstream molecular pathways. In the present study, we employed a novel drug, carbonyl cyanide chlorophenylhydrazone (CCCP), a mitochondrial uncoupler, to explore the role of mitochondria in cultured neuronal morphology. CCCP caused a sustained elevation of [Ca2+]i and, quite surprisingly, a massive increase in the density of dendritic filopodia and spines in the affected neurons. This morphological change can be prevented in cultures exposed to a calcium-free medium, Orai1 antagonist 2APB, or cells transfected with a mutant Orai1 plasmid. It is suggested that CCCP activates mitochondria through the influx of calcium to cause rapid growth of dendritic processes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms241612940","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,18]],"date-time":"2023-08-18T10:28:48Z","timestamp":1692354528000},"page":"12940","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Exposure of Cultured Hippocampal Neurons to the Mitochondrial Uncoupler Carbonyl Cyanide Chlorophenylhydrazone Induces a Rapid Growth of Dendritic Processes"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6107-5052","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Liliia","family":"Kushnireva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Biology, Perm State University, 614068 Perm, Russia"},{"name":"Department of Brain Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eduard","family":"Korkotian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Brain Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7592-0408","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Menahem","family":"Segal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Brain Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"573714","DOI":"10.3389\/fnsyn.2020.573714","article-title":"Calcium Sensors STIM1 and STIM2 Regulate Different Calcium Functions in Cultured Hippocampal Neurons","volume":"12","author":"Kushnireva","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. 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