{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,5]],"date-time":"2026-03-05T02:06:15Z","timestamp":1772676375740,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,26]],"date-time":"2023-08-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1693008000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Medical University of Bialystok","award":["SUB\/2\/DN\/22\/001\/2226"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SUB\/2\/DN\/22\/001\/2226"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1 (PECAM-1) is considered an antiplatelet molecule. Previously, we introduced a new parameter called the PECAM-1\/thrombus ratio, which indicates the proportion of PECAM-1 in the thrombus and provides a precise description of human platelet activity (in vitro). The aim of this study was to determine whether the PECAM-1\/thrombus ratio could serve as a predictive factor for bleeding events during off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCAB). To achieve this, we collected blood samples from 20 patients scheduled to undergo OPCAB surgery. We assessed the PECAM-1\/thrombus ratio by evaluating thrombus formation on collagen fibers under flow conditions. Subsequently, we compared the ability of the PECAM-1\/thrombus ratio in predicting bleeding risk with other methods that evaluate hemostasis activity. These methods included assessing platelet P-selectin secretion, platelet exposure of phosphatidylserine, plasma coagulation and fibrinolysis system activity, and thrombus formation using the T-TAS assay. Our findings revealed a positive correlation between the PECAM-1\/thrombus ratio and the amount of blood component units transfused (BCUT) during the OPCAB surgery. Furthermore, BCUT did not show any significant correlation with other measured hemostasis parameters. This preliminary study suggests that the PECAM-1\/thrombus ratio might be a good predictor of bleeding risk during the OPCAB procedure.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms241713254","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,28]],"date-time":"2023-08-28T01:56:57Z","timestamp":1693187817000},"page":"13254","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["PECAM-1\/Thrombus Ratio Correlates with Blood Loss during Off-Pump Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (OPCAB) Surgery: A Preliminary Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1454-647X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Natalia","family":"Bielicka","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biopharmacy and Radiopharmacy, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Adrian","family":"Stankiewicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiosurgery, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-276 Bialystok, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5403-9467","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tomasz","family":"Misztal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Chemistry, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Szymon","family":"Koca\u0144da","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiosurgery, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-276 Bialystok, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ewa","family":"Chabielska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biopharmacy and Radiopharmacy, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Gromotowicz-Pop\u0142awska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biopharmacy and Radiopharmacy, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"761","DOI":"10.1080\/09537104.2021.1882668","article-title":"Targeting platelet inhibition receptors for novel therapies: PECAM-1 and G6b-B","volume":"32","author":"Gibbins","year":"2021","journal-title":"Platelets"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2005-04-1512","article-title":"Platelet PECAM-1 inhibits thrombus formation in vivo","volume":"107","author":"Falati","year":"2006","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3618","DOI":"10.1016\/j.febslet.2009.10.037","article-title":"PECAM-1 expression and activity negatively regulate multiple platelet signaling pathways","volume":"583","author":"Jones","year":"2009","journal-title":"FEBS Lett."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Marcinczyk, N., Misztal, T., Gromotowicz-Poplawska, A., Zebrowska, A., Rusak, T., Radziwon, P., and Chabielska, E. 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