{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,11]],"date-time":"2026-10-11T21:46:01Z","timestamp":1791755161415,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,29]],"date-time":"2023-08-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1693267200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011645","name":"Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["KMUH103-3R18"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KMUH103-3R18"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011645","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011645","name":"Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["KMUH104-4R17"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KMUH104-4R17"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011645","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011645","name":"Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["KMUH110-0R30"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KMUH110-0R30"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011645","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011645","name":"Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["KMUH111-1R24"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KMUH111-1R24"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011645","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011645","name":"Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["111-2320-B-037 -019 -"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["111-2320-B-037 -019 -"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011645","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Ministry of Science and Technology","award":["KMUH103-3R18"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KMUH103-3R18"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Science and Technology","award":["KMUH104-4R17"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KMUH104-4R17"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Science and Technology","award":["KMUH110-0R30"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KMUH110-0R30"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Science and Technology","award":["KMUH111-1R24"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KMUH111-1R24"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Science and Technology","award":["111-2320-B-037 -019 -"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["111-2320-B-037 -019 -"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common primary brain malignancy in adults. Despite multimodal treatment that involves maximal safe resection, concurrent chemoradiotherapy, and tumour treatment for supratentorial lesions, the prognosis remains poor. The current median overall survival is only &lt;2 years, and the 5-year survival is only 7.2%. Thioredoxin domain-containing protein 11 (TXNDC11), also known as EF-hand binding protein 1, was reported as an endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced protein. The present study aimed to elucidate the prognostic role of TXNDC11 in GBM. We evaluated the clinical parameters and TXNDC11 scores in gliomas from hospitals. Additionally, proliferation, invasion, migration assays, apoptosis, and temozolomide (TMZ)-sensitivity assays of GBM cells were conducted to evaluate the effects of short interfering RNA (siRNA) on these processes. In addition, these cells were subjected to Western blotting to detect the expression levels of N-cadherin, E-cadherin, and Cyclin D1. High levels of TXNDC11 protein expression were significantly associated with World Health Organization (WHO) high-grade tumour classification and poor prognosis. Multivariate analysis revealed that in addition to the WHO grade, TXNDC11 protein expression was also an independent prognostic factor of glioma. In addition, TXNDC11 silencing inhibited proliferation, migration, and invasion and led to apoptosis of GBM cells. However, over-expression of TXNDC11 enhanced proliferation, migration, and invasion. Further, TXNDC11 knockdown downregulated N-cadherin and cyclin D1 expression and upregulated E-cadherin expression in GBM cells. Knock-in TXNDC11 return these. Finally, in vivo, orthotopic xenotransplantation of TXNDC11-silenced GBM cells into nude rats promoted slower tumour growth and prolonged survival time. TXNDC11 is a potential oncogene in GBMs and may be an emerging therapeutic target.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms241713367","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,29]],"date-time":"2023-08-29T08:26:52Z","timestamp":1693297612000},"page":"13367","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["High Thioredoxin Domain-Containing Protein 11 Expression Is Associated with Tumour Progression in Glioma"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0357-0087","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ying-Tso","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 813414, Taiwan"},{"name":"Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chia-Li","family":"Chung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung 81267, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8936-027X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yu-Wen","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 813414, Taiwan"},{"name":"Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chien-Ju","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tzu-Ting","family":"Tseng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shu-Shong","family":"Hsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 813414, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hung-Pei","family":"Tsai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aij-Lie","family":"Kwan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"iv1","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/noaa200","article-title":"CBTRUS Statistical Report: Primary Brain and Other Central Nervous System Tumors Diagnosed in the United States in 2013\u20132017","volume":"22","author":"Ostrom","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neuro-Oncology"},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"2613","article-title":"Survival Analysis of Glioblastoma Multiforme","volume":"19","author":"Witthayanuwat","year":"2018","journal-title":"Asian Pac. 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