{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,13]],"date-time":"2026-01-13T08:59:36Z","timestamp":1768294776223,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,29]],"date-time":"2023-08-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1693267200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Globally, over 3.5 billion people are infected with intestinal parasites each year, resulting in over 200,000 deaths. Three of the most common protozoan pathogens that affect the gastrointestinal tract of humans are Cryptosporidium spp., Giardia\u00a0intestinalis, and Entamoeba histolytica. Other protozoan agents that have been implicated in gastroenteritis in humans include Cyclospora cayetanensis, Dientamoeba fragilis,\u00a0Blastocystis hominis, and the microsporidia Enterocytozoon bieneusi and Encephalitozoon\u00a0intestinalis. Genetic Signatures previously developed a 3base\u2122 multiplexed Real-Time PCR (mRT-PCR) enteric protozoan kit (EP001) for the detection of Giardia intestinalis\/lamblia\/duodenalis, Cryptosporidium spp., E. histolytica, D. fragilis, and B. hominis. We now describe improvements to this kit to produce a more comprehensive assay, including C. cayetanensis, E. bieneusi, and E. intestinalis, termed EP005. The clinical performance of EP005 was assessed using a set of 380 clinical samples against a commercially available PCR test and other in-house nucleic acid amplification tests where commercial tests were not available. All methods provided at least 90% agreement. EP005 had no cross-reactivity against 82 organisms commonly found in the gut. The EP005 method streamlines the detection of gastrointestinal parasites and addresses the many challenges of traditional microscopic detection, resulting in cost savings and significant improvements in patient care.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms241713387","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,29]],"date-time":"2023-08-29T08:26:52Z","timestamp":1693297612000},"page":"13387","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["The Application of 3base\u2122 Technology to Diagnose Eight of the Most Clinically Important Gastrointestinal Protozoan Infections"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Mahdis","family":"Aghazadeh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Genetic Signatures, 7 Eliza Street, Newtown, NSW 2042, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Meghan","family":"Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genetic Signatures, 7 Eliza Street, Newtown, NSW 2042, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Suneth","family":"Perera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genetic Signatures, 7 Eliza Street, Newtown, NSW 2042, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jiny","family":"Nair","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genetic Signatures, 7 Eliza Street, Newtown, NSW 2042, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Litty","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genetic Signatures, 7 Eliza Street, Newtown, NSW 2042, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Brett","family":"Clark","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genetic Signatures, 7 Eliza Street, Newtown, NSW 2042, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Angela","family":"Curtis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genetic Signatures, 7 Eliza Street, Newtown, NSW 2042, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jackson","family":"Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genetic Signatures, 7 Eliza Street, Newtown, NSW 2042, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Justin","family":"Ellem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbiology Department, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tom","family":"Olma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbiology Department, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Damien","family":"Stark","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"St. Vincent\u2019s Pathology, Level 6, Xavier Building, 390 Victoria Street, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Melki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genetic Signatures, 7 Eliza Street, Newtown, NSW 2042, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Neralie","family":"Coulston","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genetic Signatures, 7 Eliza Street, Newtown, NSW 2042, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rohan","family":"Baker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genetic Signatures, 7 Eliza Street, Newtown, NSW 2042, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Douglas","family":"Millar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genetic Signatures, 7 Eliza Street, Newtown, NSW 2042, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1016\/j.idc.2004.01.001","article-title":"History of human parasitic diseases","volume":"18","author":"Cox","year":"2004","journal-title":"Infect. 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