{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T12:12:05Z","timestamp":1785499925037,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,30]],"date-time":"2023-08-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1693353600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","award":["STE 552\/5"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["STE 552\/5"]}]},{"name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","award":["SE 774\/6"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SE 774\/6"]}]},{"name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","award":["HE 6949\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HE 6949\/1"]}]},{"name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","award":["HE 6949\/3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HE 6949\/3"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>NG2 glia receive synaptic input from neurons, but the functional impact of this glial innervation is not well understood. In the developing cerebellum and somatosensory cortex the GABAergic input might regulate NG2 glia differentiation and myelination, and a switch from synaptic to extrasynaptic neuron\u2013glia signaling was reported in the latter region. Myelination in the hippocampus is sparse, and most NG2 glia retain their phenotype throughout adulthood, raising the question of the properties and function of neuron-NG2 glia synapses in that brain region. Here, we compared spontaneous and evoked GABAA receptor-mediated currents of NG2 glia in juvenile and adult hippocampi of mice of either sex and assessed the mode of interneuron\u2013glial signaling changes during development. With patch-clamp and pharmacological analyses, we found a decrease in innervation of hippocampal NG2 glia between postnatal days 10 and 60. At the adult stage, enhanced activation of extrasynaptic receptors occurred, indicating a spillover of GABA. This switch from synaptic to extrasynaptic receptor activation was accompanied by downregulation of \u03b32 and upregulation of the \u03b15 subunit. Molecular analyses and high-resolution expansion microscopy revealed mechanisms of glial GABAA receptor trafficking and clustering. We found that gephyrin and radixin are organized in separate clusters along glial processes. Surprisingly, the developmental loss of \u03b32 and postsynaptic receptors were not accompanied by altered glial expression of scaffolding proteins, auxiliary receptor subunits or postsynaptic interaction proteins. The GABAergic input to NG2 glia might contribute to the release of neurotrophic factors from these cells and influence neuronal synaptic plasticity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms241713490","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,31]],"date-time":"2023-08-31T09:14:41Z","timestamp":1693473281000},"page":"13490","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Impact of Developmental Changes of GABAA Receptors on Interneuron-NG2 Glia Transmission in the Hippocampus"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Linda","family":"Patt","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Cellular Neurosciences, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-0755-4476","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dario","family":"Tascio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Cellular Neurosciences, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Catia","family":"Domingos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Cellular Neurosciences, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aline","family":"Timmermann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Cellular Neurosciences, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6612-7678","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ronald","family":"Jabs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Cellular Neurosciences, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5391-7387","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christian","family":"Henneberger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Cellular Neurosciences, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany"},{"name":"German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 53127 Bonn, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2579-8357","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christian","family":"Steinh\u00e4user","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Cellular Neurosciences, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gerald","family":"Seifert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Cellular Neurosciences, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainresrev.2009.12.003","article-title":"Neuron-glia synapses in the brain","volume":"63","author":"Bergles","year":"2010","journal-title":"Brain Res. 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