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As with other melanotic microorganisms associated with human diseases, the cell-wall-associated melanin of C. neoformans SC is a major virulence factor that contributes to its ability to evade host immune responses. The levels of melanin substrate and the regulation of melanin formation could be influenced by the microbiota\u2013gut\u2013brain axis. Moreover, recent studies show that C. neoformans infections cause dysbiosis in the human gut microbiome. In this review, we discuss the potential association between cryptococcal meningitis and the gut microbiome. Additionally, the significant potential of targeting the gut microbiome in the diagnosis and treatment of this debilitating disease is emphasized.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms241713515","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,31]],"date-time":"2023-08-31T09:14:41Z","timestamp":1693473281000},"page":"13515","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Connecting Cryptococcal Meningitis and Gut Microbiome"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Yuanyuan","family":"Ma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Nantong Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Department of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2362-0128","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Liang","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mengna","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nantong Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Department of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xinyuan","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nantong Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Department of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2755-7987","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peng","family":"Xue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nantong Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Department of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"a019760","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a019760","article-title":"Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii, the etiologic agents of cryptococcosis","volume":"4","author":"Fraser","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cold Spring Harb. 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