{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T05:43:49Z","timestamp":1773812629362,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"18","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,15]],"date-time":"2023-09-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1694736000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Parasitic nematodes and their products are promising candidates for therapeutics against inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Two species of nematodes, the hookworm Necator americanus and the whipworm Trichuis suis, are being used in clinical treatment trials of IBD referred to as \u201chelminth therapy\u201d. Heligmosomoides polygyrus is a well-known model for human hookworm infections. Excretory\u2013secretory (ES) products of H. polygyrus L4 stage that developed during colitis show a different immunomodulatory effect compared to the ES of H. polgyrus from healthy mice. The aim of the study was to evaluate excretory\u2013secretory proteins produced by H. polygyrus L4 stage males and females that developed in the colitic milieu. Mass spectrometry was used to identify proteins. Blast2GO was used to investigate the functions of the discovered proteins. A total of 387 proteins were identified in the ES of H. polygyrus L4 males (HpC males), and 330 proteins were identified in the ES of L4 females that developed in the colitic milieu (HpC females). In contrast, only 200 proteins were identified in the ES of L4 males (Hp males) and 218 in the ES of L4 females (Hp females) that developed in control conditions. Most of the proteins (123) were detected in all groups. Unique proteins identified in the ES of HpC females included annexin, lysozyme-2, apyrase, and galectin. Venom allergen\/Ancylostoma-secreted protein-like, transthyretin-like family proteins, and galectins were found in the secretome of HpC males but not in the secretome of control males. These molecules may be responsible for the therapeutic effects of nematodes in DSS-induced colitis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms241814127","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,15]],"date-time":"2023-09-15T02:54:13Z","timestamp":1694746453000},"page":"14127","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["The Impact of Intestinal Inflammation on Nematode\u2019s Excretory\u2013Secretory Proteome"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6595-6228","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marta","family":"Maruszewska-Cheruiyot","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental Immunotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Lazarski University, \u015awieradowska 43, 02-662 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ludmi\u0142a","family":"Szewczak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Parasitology, Institute of Functional Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, 00-096 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katarzyna","family":"Krawczak-W\u00f3jcik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Physical Education, J\u00f3zef Pi\u0142sudski University of Physical Education in Warsaw, Marymoncka 34, 00-968 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9274-248X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Magdalena","family":"Kierasi\u0144ska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Warsaw, Cha\u0142ubinskiego 5, 02-004 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5054-1348","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael","family":"Stear","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, AgriBio, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC 3086, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4924-800X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katarzyna","family":"Donskow-\u0141ysoniewska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental Immunotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Lazarski University, \u015awieradowska 43, 02-662 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ryan, S.M., Eichenberger, R.M., Ruscher, R., Giacomin, P.R., and Loukas, A. 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