{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T00:22:36Z","timestamp":1790900556696,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":299,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"18","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,19]],"date-time":"2023-09-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1695081600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003336","name":"Competition for Financial Support of Basic Research Projects\u20142019, from the Bulgarian National Science Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["KP-06-H31\/8"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KP-06-H31\/8"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003336","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Neurodegenerative disorders (NDDs) are complex, multifactorial disorders with significant social and economic impact in today\u2019s society. NDDs are predicted to become the second-most common cause of death in the next few decades due to an increase in life expectancy but also to a lack of early diagnosis and mainly symptomatic treatment. Despite recent advances in diagnostic and therapeutic methods, there are yet no reliable biomarkers identifying the complex pathways contributing to these pathologies. The development of new approaches for early diagnosis and new therapies, together with the identification of non-invasive and more cost-effective diagnostic biomarkers, is one of the main trends in NDD biomedical research. Here we summarize data on peripheral biomarkers, biofluids (cerebrospinal fluid and blood plasma), and peripheral blood cells (platelets (PLTs) and red blood cells (RBCs)), reported so far for the three most common NDDs\u2014Alzheimer\u2019s disease (AD), Parkinson\u2019s disease (PD), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). PLTs and RBCs, beyond their primary physiological functions, are increasingly recognized as valuable sources of biomarkers for NDDs. Special attention is given to the morphological and nanomechanical signatures of PLTs and RBCs as biophysical markers for the three pathologies. Modifications of the surface nanostructure and morphometric and nanomechanical signatures of PLTs and RBCs from patients with AD, PD, and ALS have been revealed by atomic force microscopy (AFM). AFM is currently experiencing rapid and widespread adoption in biomedicine and clinical medicine, in particular for early diagnostics of various medical conditions. AFM is a unique instrument without an analog, allowing the generation of three-dimensional cell images with extremely high spatial resolution at near-atomic scale, which are complemented by insights into the mechanical properties of cells and subcellular structures. Data demonstrate that AFM can distinguish between the three pathologies and the normal, healthy state. The specific PLT and RBC signatures can serve as biomarkers in combination with the currently used diagnostic tools. We highlight the strong correlation of the morphological and nanomechanical signatures between RBCs and PLTs in PD, ALS, and AD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms241814296","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,19]],"date-time":"2023-09-19T23:11:52Z","timestamp":1695165112000},"page":"14296","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Morphometric and Nanomechanical Screening of Peripheral Blood Cells with Atomic Force Microscopy for Label-Free Assessment of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease, Parkinson\u2019s Disease, and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Stefka G.","family":"Taneva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, \u201cAcad. G. Bontchev\u201d Str. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7108-051X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Svetla","family":"Todinova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, \u201cAcad. G. Bontchev\u201d Str. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4062-6043","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tonya","family":"Andreeva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, \u201cAcad. G. Bontchev\u201d Str. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria"},{"name":"Faculty of Life Sciences, Reutlingen University, Alteburgstra\u00dfe 150, D-72762 Reutlingen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1038\/s41582-019-0244-7","article-title":"Ageing as a risk factor for neurodegenerative disease","volume":"15","author":"Hou","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2388","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms14022388","article-title":"Parkinson\u2019s Disease: A Complex Interplay of Mitochondrial DNA Alterations and Oxidative Stress","volume":"14","author":"Ciccone","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mito.2019.07.003","article-title":"Mitochondrial dysfunction in neurodegenerative diseases and drug targets via apoptotic signaling","volume":"49","author":"Wu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mitochondrion"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e20190062","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20190062","article-title":"The blood\u2013brain barrier in health and disease: Important unanswered questions","volume":"217","author":"Profaci","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1159\/000103641","article-title":"Peripheral blood markers of oxidative stress in Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"58","author":"Kerkeni","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Singh, A., Kukreti, R., Saso, L., and Kukreti, S. (2019). Oxidative Stress: A Key Modulator in Neurodegenerative Diseases. Molecules, 24.","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules24081583"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.47.6_Suppl_3.161S","article-title":"Oxidative stress and the pathogenesis of Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"47","author":"Jenner","year":"1996","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"819","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2018.00819","article-title":"Reduced Cytosolic Calcium as an Early Decisive Cellular State in Parkinson\u2019s Disease and Synucleinopathies","volume":"12","author":"Betzer","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6697","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.201801751R","article-title":"Ca2+ homeostasis dysregulation in Alzheimer\u2019s disease: A focus on plasma membrane and cell organelles","volume":"33","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"FASEB J."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Meszl\u00e9nyi, V., Patai, R., Polg\u00e1r, T.F., N\u00f3gr\u00e1di, B., K\u00f6rm\u00f6czy, L., Krist\u00f3f, R., Spis\u00e1k, K., Tripolszki, K., Sz\u00e9ll, M., and Ob\u00e1l, I. (2020). Passive Transfer of Sera from ALS Patients with Identified Mutations Evokes an Increased Synaptic Vesicle Number and Elevation of Calcium Levels in Motor Axon Terminals, Similar to Sera from Sporadic Patients. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 21.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21155566"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Piscopo, P., Bellenghi, M., Manzini, V., Crestini, A., Pontecorvi, G., Corbo, M., Ortona, E., Car\u00e8, A., and Confaloni, A. (2021). A Sex Perspective in Neurodegenerative Diseases: MicroRNAs as Possible Peripheral Biomarkers. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 22.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22094423"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1255555","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1255555","article-title":"NEURODEGENERATION. Alzheimer\u2019s and Parkinson\u2019s diseases: The prion concept in relation to assembled A\u03b2, tau, and \u03b1-synuclein","volume":"349","author":"Goedert","year":"2015","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1582-4934.2010.01010.x","article-title":"Basic mechanisms of neurodegeneration: Acritical update","volume":"14","author":"Jellinker","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Cell Mol. Med."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1111\/imm.12233","article-title":"Inflammation in neurodegenerative diseases\u2014An update","volume":"142","author":"Amor","year":"2014","journal-title":"Immunology"},{"key":"ref_15","unstructured":"Dziubla, T., and Butterfield, D.A. (2016). Oxidative stress and Biomaterials, Elsevier Inc.\/Academic Press."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mrgentox.2008.09.013","article-title":"Environmental-induced oxidative stress in neurodegenerative disorders and aging","volume":"674","author":"Migliore","year":"2009","journal-title":"Mutat. Genet. Toxicol. Environ. Mutagen."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Thompson, T.B., Chaggar, P., Kuhl, E., and Goriely, A. (2020). Protein-protein interactions in neurodegenerative diseases: A conspiracy theory. PLoS Comput. Biol., 16.","DOI":"10.1101\/2020.02.10.942219"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2017.01.017","article-title":"Potential biomarkers and novel pharmacological targets in protein aggregation-related neurodegenerative diseases","volume":"131","author":"Giacomelli","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biochem. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Meldolesi, J. (2021). News about the Role of Fluid and Imaging Biomarkers in Neurodegenerative Diseases. Biomedicines, 9.","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines9030252"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-141977","article-title":"Oxidative Stress and Aberrant Cell Cycle in Alzheimer\u2019s Disease Lymphocytes: Diagnostic Prospects","volume":"46","author":"Wojsiat","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Alzheimer\u2019s Dis."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conb.2018.03.004","article-title":"Importance of the subcellular location of protein deposits in neurodegenerative diseases","volume":"51","author":"Bertolotti","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Neurobiol."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cuanalo-Contreras, K., Mukherjee, A., and Soto, C. (2013). Role of protein misfolding and proteostasis deficiency in protein misfolding diseases and aging. Int. J. Cell Biol., 2013.","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/638083"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4419-7002-2_11","article-title":"Protein homeostasis in models of aging and age-related conformational disease","volume":"694","author":"Kikis","year":"2010","journal-title":"Adv. Exp. Med. Biol."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn1007","article-title":"Unfolding the role of protein misfolding in neurodegenerative diseases","volume":"4","author":"Soto","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6451","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-019-1531-4","article-title":"Potential Diagnostic Value of Red Blood Cells \u03b1-Synuclein Heteroaggregates in Alzheimer\u2019s Disease","volume":"56","author":"Baldacci","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mol. Neurobiol."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kiko, T., Nakagawa, K., Satoh, A., Tsuduki, T., Furukawa, K., Arai, H., and Miyazawa, T. (2012). Amyloid \u03b2 levels in human red blood cells. PLoS ONE, 7.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0049620"},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1111\/ane.12590","article-title":"Cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers for Parkinson\u2019s disease: A systematic review","volume":"135","author":"Andersen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Acta Neurol. Scand."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1007\/s40120-017-0072-x","article-title":"A Review of Biomarkers for Neurodegenerative Disease: Will They Swing Us Across the Valley?","volume":"6","author":"Beach","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neurol. Ther."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1035","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2019.1534","article-title":"Diagnostic value of cerebrospinalfluid neurofilament light protein in neurology: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"76","author":"Bridel","year":"2019","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"673","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(16)00070-3","article-title":"CSF and blood biomarkers for the diagnosis of Alzheimer\u2019s disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"15","author":"Olsson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1038\/nature25456","article-title":"High performance plasma amyloid-\u03b2 biomarkers for Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"554","author":"Nakamura","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2020-324348","article-title":"In vivo PET imaging of neuroinflammation in familial frontotemporal dementia","volume":"92","author":"Seelaar","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"954","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-021-01382-x","article-title":"Biomarkers for neurodegenerative diseases","volume":"27","author":"Hansson","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.2174\/1567205013666151116141603","article-title":"Diagnosis of Neurodegenerative Diseases: The Clinical Approach","volume":"13","author":"Caballero","year":"2016","journal-title":"Curr. Alzheimer Res."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shusharina, N., Yukhnenko, D., Botman, S., Sapunov, V., Savinov, V., Kamyshov, G., Sayapin, D., and Voznyuk, I. (2023). Modern Methods of Diagnostics and Treatment of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Depression. Diagnostics, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics13030573"},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1397","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.52.7.1397","article-title":"Prediction of AD with MRI-based hippocampal volume in mild cognitive impairment","volume":"52","author":"Jack","year":"1999","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kamagata, K., Andica, C., Kato, A., Saito, Y., Uchida, W., Hatano, T., Lukies, M., Ogawa, T., Takeshige-Amano, H., and Akashi, T. (2021). Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Based Biomarkers for Neurodegenerative Diseases. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 22.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22105216"},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1007\/s12031-007-0029-0","article-title":"Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI)-based White Matter Mapping in Brain Research: A Review","volume":"34","author":"Assaf","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Mol. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_39","first-page":"145345","article-title":"Neuroinflammation and Copper in Alzheimer\u2019s Disease","volume":"2013","author":"Choo","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Alzheimer\u2019s Dis."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.2967\/jnumed.115.163717","article-title":"Visual Versus Fully Automated Analyses of \u03b2-FDG and Amyloid PET for Prediction of Dementia Due to Alzheimer Disease in Mild Cognitive Impairment","volume":"57","author":"Grimmer","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Nucl. Med."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"572","DOI":"10.1053\/j.sult.2020.08.011","article-title":"Amyloid and Tau PET Imaging of Alzheimer Disease and Other Neurodegenerative Conditions","volume":"41","author":"Rowley","year":"2020","journal-title":"Semin. Ultrasound CT MRI"},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000011415","article-title":"Alzheimer Disease Spectrum: Syndrome and Etiology from Clinical and PET Imaging Perspectives","volume":"96","author":"Knopman","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1186\/s40035-017-0076-6","article-title":"Imaging biomarkers in Parkinson\u2019s disease and Parkinsonian syndromes: Current and emerging concepts","volume":"6","author":"Saeed","year":"2017","journal-title":"Transl. Neurodegener."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2029","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awad042","article-title":"Predicting amyloid PET and tau PET stages with plasma biomarkers","volume":"146","author":"Jack","year":"2023","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1417","DOI":"10.1007\/s00702-018-1910-4","article-title":"Diagnostic biomarkers for Parkinson\u2019s disease at a glance: Where are we?","volume":"125","author":"Cova","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Neural. Transm."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2018.00305","article-title":"Recent advances in biomarkers for Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"10","author":"He","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Aging Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_47","first-page":"573","article-title":"Molecular Biomarkers","volume":"41","author":"Laterza","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ther. Innov. Regul. Sci."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11761","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemrev.9b00437","article-title":"Disease Detection with Molecular Biomarkers: From Chemistry of Body Fluids to Nature-Inspired Chemical Sensors","volume":"119","author":"Broza","year":"2019","journal-title":"Chem. Rev."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneurol.2010.4","article-title":"Cerebrospinal fluid and plasma biomarkers in Alzheimer disease","volume":"6","author":"Blennow","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1080\/15622975.2017.1375556","article-title":"Cerebrospinal fluid and blood biomarkers for neurodegenerative dementias: An update of the Consensus of the Task Force on Biological Markers in Psychiatry of the World Federation of Societies of Biological Psychiatry","volume":"19","author":"Lewczuk","year":"2018","journal-title":"World J. Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1125","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-170773","article-title":"The past and future of Alzheimer\u2019s disease fluid biomarkers","volume":"62","author":"Blennow","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Alzhimer\u2019s Dis."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"917","DOI":"10.2217\/bmm-2017-0041","article-title":"Search for Alzheimer\u2019s disease biomarkers in blood cells: Hypotheses-driven approach","volume":"11","author":"Wojsiat","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biomark. Med."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Posavi, M., Diaz-Ortiz, M., Liu, B., Swanson, C.R., Skrinak, R.T., Hernandez-Con, P., Amado, D.A., Fullard, M., Rick, J., and Siderowf, A. (2019). Characterization of Parkinson\u2019s disease using blood-based biomarkers: A multicohort proteomic analysis. PLoS Med., 16.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1002931"},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1038\/s41582-020-0348-0","article-title":"An update on blood-based biomarkers for non-Alzheimer neurodegenerative disorders","volume":"16","author":"Ashton","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneurol.2013.107","article-title":"Ushering in the study and treatment of preclinical Alzheimer disease","volume":"9","author":"Langbaum","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1097\/WCO.0b013e3283633741","article-title":"Recent developments in biomarkers in Parkinson disease","volume":"26","author":"Schapira","year":"2013","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1435","DOI":"10.1007\/s00702-005-0427-9","article-title":"The plasma \u03b1-synuclein levels in patients with Parkinson\u2019s disease and multiple system atrophy","volume":"113","author":"Lee","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Neural Transm."},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2006.12.006","article-title":"Plasma \u03b1-synuclein is decreased in subjects with Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"204","author":"Li","year":"2007","journal-title":"Exp. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"713","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awq008","article-title":"DJ-1 and \u03b1-synuclein in human cerebrospinal fluid as biomarkers of Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"133","author":"Hong","year":"2010","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(11)70014-X","article-title":"\u03b1-synuclein and tau concentrations in cerebrospinal fluid of patients presenting with parkinsonism: A cohort study","volume":"10","author":"Mollenhauer","year":"2011","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol."},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"818","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2016-314857","article-title":"Plasma \u03b1-synuclein predicts cognitive decline in Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"88","author":"Lin","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.15761\/JCMM.1000102","article-title":"Plasma levels of clusterin are representative of the early phase of the neurodegenerative process in Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"1","author":"Polimeno","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Clin. Mol. Med."},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1134","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2014.1129","article-title":"Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis outcome measures and the role of albumin and creatinine","volume":"71","author":"Chio","year":"2014","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol."},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1586\/14789450.5.2.249","article-title":"Protein biomarkers for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis","volume":"5","author":"Ryberg","year":"2008","journal-title":"Expert Rev. Proteom."},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(08)70293-X","article-title":"Biomarkers in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis","volume":"8","author":"Turner","year":"2009","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol."},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27495","DOI":"10.3402\/jev.v4.27495","article-title":"Extracellular RNAs: Development as biomarkers of human disease","volume":"4","author":"Quinn","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Extracell. Vesicles"},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.1111\/joim.12816","article-title":"Biomarkers for Alzheimer\u2019s Disease: Current Status and Prospects for the Future","volume":"284","author":"Blennow","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Intern. Med."},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"775","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-190533","article-title":"Ultrasensitive Detection of Plasma Amyloid-\u03b2 as a Biomarker for Cognitively Normal Elderly Individuals at Risk of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease","volume":"71","author":"Chatterjee","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Alzheimer\u2019s Dis."},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"\u00c1lvarez-S\u00e1nchez, L., Pe\u00f1a-Bautista, C., Ferr\u00e9-Gonz\u00e1lez, L., Balaguer, A., Baquero, M., Casanova-Estruch, B., and Ch\u00e1fer-Peric\u00e1s, C. (2023). Assessment of Plasma and Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarkers in Different Stages of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease and Frontotemporal Dementia. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 24.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24021226"},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cho, H.J., Schulz, P., Venkataraman, L., Caselli, R.J., and Sierks, M.R. (2022). Sex-Specific Multiparameter Blood Test for the Early Diagnosis of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 23.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms232415670"},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3555","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-23746-0","article-title":"Plasma Biomarkers of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease Improve Prediction of Cognitive Decline in Cognitively Unimpaired Elderly Populations","volume":"12","author":"Cullen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"ref_72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e14408","DOI":"10.15252\/emmm.202114408","article-title":"Blood-based Biomarkers for Alzheimer\u2019s Disease","volume":"14","author":"Leuzy","year":"2022","journal-title":"EMBO Mol. Med."},{"key":"ref_73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.12395","article-title":"Detecting Amyloid Positivity in Early Alzheimer\u2019s Disease Using Combinations of Plasma A\u03b242\/A\u03b240 and P-tau","volume":"18","author":"Janelidze","year":"2022","journal-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s Dement."},{"key":"ref_74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"614","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(14)70090-0","article-title":"Advancing research diagnostic criteria for Alzheimer\u2019s disease: The IWG-2 criteria","volume":"13","author":"Dubois","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol."},{"key":"ref_75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2016.09.008","article-title":"Recommendations for CSF AD biomarkers in the diagnostic evaluation of dementia","volume":"13","author":"Simonsen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s Dement."},{"key":"ref_76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2011.03.005","article-title":"The diagnosis of dementia due to Alzheimer\u2019s disease: Recommendations from the National Institute on Aging-Alzheimer\u2019s Association workgroups on diagnostic guidelines for Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"7","author":"McKhann","year":"2011","journal-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s Dement."},{"key":"ref_77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1186\/s13195-022-01029-0","article-title":"Fully Automated and Highly Specific Plasma \u03b2-Amyloid Immunoassays Predict \u03b2-Amyloid Status Defined by Amyloid Positron Emission Tomography with High Accuracy","volume":"14","author":"Yamashita","year":"2022","journal-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s Res. Ther."},{"key":"ref_78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"602","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.12415","article-title":"Comparison of CSF Phosphorylated Tau 181 and 217 for Cognitive Decline","volume":"18","author":"Mielke","year":"2022","journal-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s Dement."},{"key":"ref_79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"989","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2018.02.013","article-title":"Plasma Phospho-Tau181 Increases with Alzheimer\u2019s Disease Clinical Severity and Is Associated with Tau- and Amyloid-Positron Emission Tomography","volume":"14","author":"Mielke","year":"2018","journal-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s Dement."},{"key":"ref_80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1186\/s13024-017-0206-8","article-title":"Quantification of Plasma Phosphorylated Tau to Use as a Biomarker for Brain Alzheimer Pathology: Pilot Case-Control Studies Including Patients with Alzheimer\u2019s Disease and down Syndrome","volume":"12","author":"Tatebe","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mol. Neurodegener."},{"key":"ref_81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1186\/s13024-021-00451-6","article-title":"A blood-based diagnostic test incorporating plasma A\u03b242\/40 ratio, ApoE proteotype, and age accurately identifies brain amyloid status: Findings from a multi cohort validity analysis","volume":"16","author":"West","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mol. Neurodegener."},{"key":"ref_82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tissot, C., Therriault, J., and Kunach, P. (2022). Comparing tau status determined via plasma pTau181, pTau231 and [18F] MK6240 tau-PET. EBioMedicine, 76.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2022.103837"},{"key":"ref_83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5967","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-020-0838-x","article-title":"Plasma Phospho-Tau181 in Presymptomatic and Symptomatic Familial Alzheimer\u2019s Disease: A Longitudinal Cohort Study","volume":"26","author":"Karikari","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e12921","DOI":"10.15252\/emmm.202012921","article-title":"Novel tau biomarkers phosphorylated at T181, T217 or T231 rise in the initial stages of the preclinical Alzheimer\u2019s continuum when only subtle changes in A\u03b2 pathology are detected","volume":"12","author":"Karikari","year":"2020","journal-title":"EMBO Mol. Med."},{"key":"ref_85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"398","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-020-0781-z","article-title":"Dominantly Inherited Alzheimer Network. A soluble phosphorylated tau signature links tau, amyloid and the evolution of stages of dominantly inherited Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"26","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"ref_86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"709","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-021-02275-6","article-title":"Plasma p-tau231: A new biomarker for incipient Alzheimer\u2019s disease pathology","volume":"141","author":"Ashton","year":"2021","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol."},{"key":"ref_87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2555","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-022-02074-w","article-title":"Differential roles of A\u03b242\/40, p-tau231 and p-tau217 for Alzheimer\u2019s trial selection and disease monitoring","volume":"28","author":"Ashton","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"ref_88","first-page":"1797","article-title":"Plasma p-tau231 and p-tau217 as state markers of amyloid-\u03b2 pathology in preclinical Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"28","author":"Ashton","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"ref_89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"410","DOI":"10.1111\/bpa.12370","article-title":"Alpha-Synuclein as a Biomarker for Parkinson\u2019s Disease","volume":"26","author":"Atik","year":"2016","journal-title":"Brain Pathol."},{"key":"ref_90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"570","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.22311","article-title":"Cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers for Parkinson disease diagnosis and progression","volume":"69","author":"Shi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"929","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-019-03738-1","article-title":"Plasma \u03b1-synuclein levels in patients with Parkinson\u2019s disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"40","author":"Bougea","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neurol. Sci."},{"key":"ref_92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.03-1449com","article-title":"Detection of oligomeric forms of \u03b1-synuclein protein in human plasma as a potential biomarker for Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"20","author":"Salem","year":"2006","journal-title":"FASEB J."},{"key":"ref_93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"380","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.06.014","article-title":"Protection of dopaminergic neurons by 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor","volume":"73","author":"Kang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"ref_94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10855","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.8b03575","article-title":"Quantifying co-oligomer formation by \u03b1-synuclein","volume":"12","author":"Iljina","year":"2018","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"ref_95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-017-1709-7","article-title":"Interactions of pathological proteins in neurodegenerative diseases","volume":"134","author":"Attems","year":"2017","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol."},{"key":"ref_96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.20819","article-title":"Interface between tauopathies and synucleinopathies: A tale of two proteins","volume":"59","author":"Galpern","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5512","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-33252-6","article-title":"Small soluble \u03b1-synuclein aggregates are the toxic species in Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"13","author":"Emin","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"ref_98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1019","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.25772","article-title":"Cerebrospinal fluid lysosomal enzymes and \u03b1-synuclein in Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"29","author":"Parnetti","year":"2014","journal-title":"Mov. Disord."},{"key":"ref_99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2014.00053","article-title":"Differential role of CSF \u03b1-synuclein species, tau, and A\u03b242 in Parkinson\u2019s Disease","volume":"6","author":"Parnetti","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front. Aging Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"566922","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2020.566922","article-title":"Interleukin-17A: The Key Cytokine in Neurodegenerative Diseases","volume":"12","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Aging Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1186\/s13024-020-00385-5","article-title":"Utility of plasma Neurofilament light as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker of the postural instability gait disorder motor subtype in early Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"15","author":"Ng","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mol. Neurodegener."},{"key":"ref_102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2260","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpj.2011.08.052","article-title":"Distinct hydration properties of wild-type and familial point mutant A53T of a-synuclein associated with Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"101","author":"Hazy","year":"2011","journal-title":"Biophys. J."},{"key":"ref_103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Krisko, A., and Radman, M. (2019). Protein damage, ageing and age-related diseases. Open Biol., 9.","DOI":"10.1098\/rsob.180249"},{"key":"ref_104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Araki, T. (2021). Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, Exon Publications.","DOI":"10.36255\/exonpublications.amyotrophiclateralsclerosis.2021"},{"key":"ref_105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S115","DOI":"10.1038\/550S115a","article-title":"Calculating disease","volume":"550","author":"Savage","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-008-0456-1","article-title":"Increased TDP-43 protein in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis","volume":"117","author":"Kasai","year":"2009","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol."},{"key":"ref_107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gambino, C.M., Ciaccio, A.M., Lo Sasso, B., Giglio, R.V., Vidali, M., Agnello, L., and Ciaccio, M. (2023). The Role of TAR DNA Binding Protein 43 (TDP-43) as a CandiDate Biomarker of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Diagnostics, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics13030416"},{"key":"ref_108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lind, A.-L., Wu, D., Freyhult, E., Bodolea, C., Ekegren, T., Larssson, A., Gustafsson, M.G., Katila, L., Bergquist, J., and Gordh, T. (2016). A multiplex protein panel applied to cerebrospinal fluid reveals three new biomarker candidates in ALS but none in neuropathic pain patients. PLoS ONE, 11.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0149821"},{"key":"ref_109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1329","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-1331.2007.01972.x","article-title":"Cerebrospinal fluid neurofilament light levels in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: Impact of SOD1 genotype","volume":"14","author":"Zetterberg","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur. J. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2247","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000001642","article-title":"Neurofilament light chain: A prognostic biomarker in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis","volume":"84","author":"Lu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"ref_111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lanznaster, D., Hergesheimer, R.C., Bakkouche, S.E., Beltran, S., Vourch, P., Andres, C.R., Dufour-Rainfray, D., Corcia, P., and Blasco, H. (2020). A\u03b21-42 and Tau as Potential Biomarkers for Diagnosis and Prognosis of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 21.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21082911"},{"key":"ref_112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e45114","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.45114","article-title":"Glycolysis upregulation is neuroprotective as a compensatory mechanism in ALS","volume":"8","author":"Manzo","year":"2019","journal-title":"eLife"},{"key":"ref_113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1287","DOI":"10.1039\/C5MB00711A","article-title":"Multi-platform mass spectrometry analysis of the CSF and plasma metabolomes of rigorously matched amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Parkinson\u2019s disease and control subjects","volume":"12","author":"Wuolikainen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mol. Biosyst."},{"key":"ref_114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1134108","article-title":"Ubiquitinated TDP-43 in frontotemporal lobar degeneration and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis","volume":"314","author":"Neumann","year":"2006","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1038\/362059a0","article-title":"Mutations in Cu\/Zn superoxide dismutase gene are associated with familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis","volume":"362","author":"Rosen","year":"1993","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"662","DOI":"10.1097\/WCO.0000000000000854","article-title":"Biomarkers in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: A review of new developments","volume":"33","author":"Verber","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2019.00291","article-title":"Biomarkers in Motor Neuron Disease: A State of the Art Review","volume":"10","author":"Verber","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3258","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-020-09993-z","article-title":"The Italian multicenter experience with edaravone in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis","volume":"267","author":"Lunetta","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1167","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2018.01167","article-title":"Diagnostic and prognostic performance of neurofilaments in ALS","volume":"9","author":"Poesen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Barbo, M., and Ravnik-Glava\u010d, M. (2023). Extracellular Vesicles as Potential Biomarkers in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Genes, 14.","DOI":"10.3390\/genes14020325"},{"key":"ref_121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2016.5398","article-title":"Diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: Neurofilament light chain levels in definite subtypes of disease","volume":"74","author":"Gaiani","year":"2017","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol."},{"key":"ref_122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2018-318704","article-title":"Neurofilament light chain in serum for the diagnosis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis","volume":"90","author":"Verde","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1097\/00005072-198409000-00001","article-title":"Fine Structural Observations of Neurofilamentous Changes in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis","volume":"43","author":"Hirano","year":"1984","journal-title":"J. Neuropathol. Exp. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2015.04.032","article-title":"Serial measurements of phosphorylated neurofilament-heavy in the serum of subjects with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis","volume":"353","author":"McCombe","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Sci."},{"key":"ref_125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2489","DOI":"10.1002\/acn3.50943","article-title":"Combined use of CSF NfL and CSF TDP-43 improves diagnostic performance in ALS","volume":"6","author":"Kasai","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann. Clin. Transl. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.3109\/21678421.2016.1167913","article-title":"Multicenter validation of CSF neurofilaments as diagnostic biomarkers for ALS","volume":"17","author":"Oeckl","year":"2016","journal-title":"Amyotroph. Lateral Scler. Front. Degener."},{"key":"ref_127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2015.3037","article-title":"Association of Cerebrospinal Fluid Neurofilament Light Concentration with Alzheimer Disease Progression","volume":"73","author":"Zetterberg","year":"2016","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol."},{"key":"ref_128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1175","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2015.1449","article-title":"Cerebrospinal fluid patterns and the risk of future dementia in early, incident Parkinson disease","volume":"72","author":"Linder","year":"2015","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol."},{"key":"ref_129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kojima, Y., Kasai, T., Noto, Y.I., Ohmichi, T., Tatebe, H., Kitaoji, T., Tsuji, Y., Kitani-Morii, F., Shinomoto, M., and Allsop, D. (2021). Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: Correlations between fluid biomarkers of NfL, TDP-43, and tau, and clinical characteristics. PLoS ONE, 16.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0260323"},{"key":"ref_130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2125","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.14409","article-title":"Blood biomarkers and prognosis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis","volume":"27","author":"Sun","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur. J. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Colletti, T., Agnello, L., Spataro, R., Guccione, L., Notaro, A., Lo Sasso, B., Blandino, V., Graziano, F., Gambino, C.M., and Giglio, R.V. (2021). Prognostic Role of CSF \u03b2-amyloid 1\u201342\/1\u201340 Ratio in Patients Affected by Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Brain Sci., 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci11030302"},{"key":"ref_132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"fcab143","DOI":"10.1093\/braincomms\/fcab143","article-title":"Lipidomic traits of plasma and cerebrospinal fluid in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis correlate with disease progression","volume":"3","author":"Sol","year":"2021","journal-title":"Brain Commun."},{"key":"ref_133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13562","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-92112-3","article-title":"Lipidomics study of plasma from patients suggest that ALS and PLS are part of a continuum of motor neuron disorders","volume":"11","author":"Larrea","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"718","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.24936","article-title":"Blood biomarkers of carbohydrate, lipid, and apolipoprotein metabolisms and risk of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: A more than 20-year followup of the Swedish AMORIS cohort","volume":"81","author":"Mariosa","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"470","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.25431","article-title":"Shared polygenic risk and causal inferences in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis","volume":"85","author":"Noyce","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.3934\/Neuroscience.2022023","article-title":"Biomarkers and molecular mechanisms of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis","volume":"9","author":"Chakraborty","year":"2022","journal-title":"AIMS Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_137","first-page":"319","article-title":"Mechanism Action of Platelets and Crucial Blood Coagulation Pathways in Hemostasis","volume":"11","author":"Periayah","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Hematol. Oncol. Stem Cell Res."},{"key":"ref_138","first-page":"986254","article-title":"Assessment of platelet indices in patients with neurodegenerative diseases: Mean platelet volume was increased in patients with Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"2013","author":"Yaman","year":"2013","journal-title":"Curr. Gerontol. Geriatr. Res."},{"key":"ref_139","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.3109\/00207454.2012.751534","article-title":"Role of platelets in neurodegenerative diseases: A universal pathophysiology","volume":"123","author":"Behari","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1007\/s10555-017-9677-x","article-title":"Normal platelet function","volume":"36","author":"Holinstat","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cancer Metastasis Rev."},{"key":"ref_141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"815","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.2022015970","article-title":"The multifaceted role of platelets in mediating brain function","volume":"140","author":"Burnouf","year":"2022","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_142","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.00747","article-title":"Platelets in Neurodegenerative Conditions\u2014Friend or Foe?","volume":"11","author":"Leiter","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Immun."},{"key":"ref_143","first-page":"40","article-title":"Structure of peripheral blood platelets surface in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and multiple sclerosis","volume":"105","author":"Kiktenko","year":"2005","journal-title":"Zhurnal Nevrol. i Psikhiatrii Im. SS Korsakova"},{"key":"ref_144","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1080\/09537100902721746","article-title":"Inhibition of platelet aggregation by 1-methyl-4-phenyl pyridinium ion (MPP+) through ATP depletion: Evidence for the reduced platelet activities in Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"20","author":"Lim","year":"2009","journal-title":"Platelets"},{"key":"ref_145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1817","DOI":"10.1038\/jcbfm.2010.140","article-title":"Predictive value of platelet activation for the rate of cognitive decline in Alzheimer\u2019s disease patients","volume":"30","author":"Stellos","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab."},{"key":"ref_146","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2019.00151","article-title":"Decoding the Role of Platelets and Related MicroRNAs in Aging and Neurodegenerative Disorders","volume":"11","author":"Fuentes","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Aging Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_147","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1055\/a-1175-6783","article-title":"Role of Platelet Cytoskeleton in Platelet Biomechanics: Current and Emerging Methodologies and Their Potential Relevance for the Investigation of Inherited Platelet Disorders","volume":"40","author":"Zaninetti","year":"2020","journal-title":"Hamostaseologie"},{"key":"ref_148","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1796","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V85.7.1796.bloodjournal8571796","article-title":"Mechanism of shape change in chilled human platelets","volume":"85","author":"Winokur","year":"1995","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_149","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1421","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.118.6.1421","article-title":"Mechanisms of actin rearrangements mediating platelet activation","volume":"118","author":"Hartwig","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. Cell Biol."},{"key":"ref_150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S94","DOI":"10.1053\/j.seminhematol.2005.11.004","article-title":"The platelet: Form and function","volume":"43","author":"Hartwig","year":"2006","journal-title":"Semin. Hematol."},{"key":"ref_151","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2019","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.98.6.2019","article-title":"Platelet activation and cytoskeletal reorganization: High voltage electron microscopic examination of intact and Triton-extracted whole mounts","volume":"98","author":"Loftus","year":"1984","journal-title":"J. Cell Biol."},{"key":"ref_152","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.1007\/s00335-016-9629-8","article-title":"Platelet function and ageing","volume":"27","author":"Jones","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mammal. Genome"},{"key":"ref_153","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1097\/MOH.0000000000000526","article-title":"Altered functions of platelets during aging HHS Public Access","volume":"26","author":"Montenont","year":"2019","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Hematol."},{"key":"ref_154","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2005.06.052","article-title":"Platelet counts differ by sex, ethnicity, and age in the United States","volume":"16","author":"Segal","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ann. Epidemiol."},{"key":"ref_155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15977","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)55493-4","article-title":"The amyloid precursor protein of Alzheimer\u2019s disease is released by human platelets","volume":"265","author":"Bush","year":"1990","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_156","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-4933-9-20","article-title":"Alzheimer disease and platelets: How\u2019s that relevant","volume":"9","author":"Catricala","year":"2012","journal-title":"Immun. Ageing"},{"key":"ref_157","first-page":"800","article-title":"Platelet tau protein as a potential peripheral biomarker in Alzheimer\u2019s disease: An explorative study","volume":"15","author":"Andrade","year":"2013","journal-title":"Curr. Alzheimer Res."},{"key":"ref_158","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3996","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.emboj.7600860","article-title":"The amyloid-\u03b2 precursor protein: Integrating structure with biological function","volume":"24","author":"Reinhard","year":"2005","journal-title":"EMBO J."},{"key":"ref_159","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ferrer-Raventos, P., and Beyer, K. (2021). Alternative platelet activation pathways and their role in neurodegenerative diseases. Neurobiol. Dis., 159.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2021.105512"},{"key":"ref_160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2606","DOI":"10.1016\/j.febslet.2013.06.041","article-title":"Immobilized amyloid A\u03b2 peptides support platelet adhesion and activation","volume":"587","author":"Canobbio","year":"2013","journal-title":"FEBS Lett."},{"key":"ref_161","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gresele, P., Kleiman, N.S., Lopez, J.A., and Page, C.P. (2017). Thrombotic and Non-Thrombotic Disorders: Pathophysiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics: An Update, Springer International Publishing.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-47462-5"},{"key":"ref_162","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1097\/00002093-199206040-00003","article-title":"Nonneural Markers in Alzheimer Disease","volume":"6","author":"Blass","year":"1992","journal-title":"Alzheimer Dis. Assoc. Disord."},{"key":"ref_163","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2018.00039","article-title":"A possible role for platelet-activating factor receptor in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis treatment","volume":"9","author":"Briones","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_164","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00039.2016","article-title":"Neuroimmune interactions: From the brain to the immune system and vice versa","volume":"98","author":"Dantzer","year":"2018","journal-title":"Physiol. Rev."},{"key":"ref_165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1159\/000112832","article-title":"Red blood cells are the major source of \u03b1-synuclein in blood","volume":"5","author":"Barbour","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neurodegener. Dis."},{"key":"ref_166","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9440(10)64553-1","article-title":"\u03b1-synuclein promotes mitochondrial deficit and oxidative stress","volume":"157","author":"Hsu","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am. J. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_167","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e02590","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2019.e02590","article-title":"Alpha synuclein in hematopoiesis and immunity","volume":"5","author":"Pei","year":"2019","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"ref_168","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dupuis, L., Spreux-Varoquaux, O., Bensimon, G., Jullien, P., Lacomblez, L., Salachas, F., Bruneteau, G., Pradat, P.F., Loeffler, J.P., and Meininger, V. (2010). Platelet serotonin level predicts survival in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. PLoS ONE, 5.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0013346"},{"key":"ref_169","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"530","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.55.4.530","article-title":"Platelet activation in Alzheimer disease","volume":"55","author":"Sevush","year":"1998","journal-title":"Arch. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sotnikov, I., Veremeyko, T., Starossom, S.C., Barteneva, N., Weiner, H.L., and Ponomarev, E.D. (2013). Platelets recognize brain-specific glycolipid structures, respond to neurovascular damage and promote neuroinflammation. PLoS ONE, 8.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0058979"},{"key":"ref_171","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Leiter, O., and Walker, T.L. (2019). Platelets: The missing link between the blood and brain?. Prog. Neurobiol., 183.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pneurobio.2019.101695"},{"key":"ref_172","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19936","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M800732200","article-title":"Prothyrotropin-releasing hormone targets its processing products to different vesicles of the secretory pathway","volume":"283","author":"Perello","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_173","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1227","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2007-09-113837","article-title":"Angiogenesis is regulated by a novel mechanism: Pro- and antiangiogenic proteins are organized into separate platelet \u03b1-granules and differentially released","volume":"111","author":"Italiano","year":"2008","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_174","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chen, Y., Yuan, Y., and Li, W. (2018). Sorting machineries: How platelet-dense granules differ from \u03b1-granules. Biosci. Rep., 38.","DOI":"10.1042\/BSR20180458"},{"key":"ref_175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1080\/09537104.2016.1243789","article-title":"Storage pool diseases illuminate platelet dense granule biogenesis","volume":"8","author":"Ambrosio","year":"2017","journal-title":"Platelets"},{"key":"ref_176","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3791","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V94.11.3791","article-title":"Activated platelets release two types of membrane vesicles: Microvesicles by surface shedding and exosomes derived from exocytosis of multivesicular bodies and \u03b1-granules","volume":"94","author":"Heijnen","year":"1999","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_177","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1007\/s10522-020-09860-4","article-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s disease: Targeting the glutamatergic system","volume":"21","author":"Conway","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biogerontology"},{"key":"ref_178","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jphs.2020.07.011","article-title":"Glutamate-induced excitotoxicity in Parkinson\u2019s disease: The role of glial cells","volume":"144","author":"Lovino","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Sci."},{"key":"ref_179","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-510X(92)90271-L","article-title":"Thrombospondin, a platelet \u03b1-granule and matrix glycoprotein, is increased in muscle basement membrane of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis","volume":"113","author":"Rao","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Sci."},{"key":"ref_180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-510X(94)90074-4","article-title":"Alterations in serum thrombospondin in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis","volume":"127","author":"Smirnova","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Sci."},{"key":"ref_181","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.5498\/wjp.v2.i6.95","article-title":"Platelet biomarkers in Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"2","author":"Talib","year":"2012","journal-title":"World J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_182","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.00406","article-title":"Fresh evidence for platelets as neuronal and innate immune cells: Their role in the activation, differentiation, and deactivation of Th1, Th17, and Tregs during tissue inflammation","volume":"9","author":"Ponomarev","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_183","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"945","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2019.00945","article-title":"Red Blood Cells: Chasing Interactions","volume":"10","author":"Pretini","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_184","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.1983.244.3.C121","article-title":"The spectrin membrane skeleton of normal and abnormal human erythrocytes: A review","volume":"244","author":"Goodman","year":"1983","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcmd.2012.03.001","article-title":"Refined views of multiprotein complexes in the erythrocyte membrane","volume":"49","author":"Mankelow","year":"2012","journal-title":"Blood Cells Mol. Dis."},{"key":"ref_186","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2014-12-512772","article-title":"Anatomy of the red cell membrane skeleton: Unanswered questions","volume":"127","author":"Lux","year":"2016","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_187","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1151","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2017.12.107","article-title":"Super-Resolution Microscopy Reveals the Native Ultrastructure of the Erythrocyte Cytoskeleton","volume":"22","author":"Pan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell Rep."},{"key":"ref_188","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Thangaraju, K., Neerukonda, S.N., Katneni, U., and Buehler, P.W. (2021). Extracellular Vesicles from Red Blood Cells and Their Evolving Roles in Health, Coagulopathy and Therapy. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 22.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22010153"},{"key":"ref_189","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Aoki, T. (2017). A Comprehensive Review of Our Current Understanding of Red Blood Cell (RBC) Glycoproteins. Membranes, 7.","DOI":"10.3390\/membranes7040056"},{"key":"ref_190","first-page":"151","article-title":"Role of band 3 and glycophorin C in the maintenance of the shape and mechanical properties of the human red blood cell","volume":"2","author":"Staricoff","year":"1996","journal-title":"Cell. Mol. Biol. Lett."},{"key":"ref_191","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2151","DOI":"10.1021\/bi00538a026","article-title":"Evaluation of structural interdependence of membrane-spanning and cytoplasmic domains of band 3","volume":"21","author":"Appell","year":"1982","journal-title":"Biochemistry"},{"key":"ref_192","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"787","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.bb.23.060194.004035","article-title":"Mechanical properties of the red cell membrane in relation to molecular structure and genetic defects","volume":"23","author":"Mohandas","year":"1994","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Biophys. Biomol. Struct."},{"key":"ref_193","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0609.1997.tb01662.x","article-title":"Quantification of loss of haemoglobin components from the circulating red blood cell in vivo","volume":"58","author":"Willekens","year":"1997","journal-title":"Eur. J. Haematol."},{"key":"ref_194","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.23344","article-title":"Changes in the properties of normal human red blood cells during in vivo aging","volume":"88","author":"Franco","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am. J. Hematol."},{"key":"ref_195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1111\/ijlh.12082","article-title":"Red blood cell morphology","volume":"35","author":"Ford","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. Soc. Lab. Hematol."},{"key":"ref_196","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1273","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micron.2012.03.019","article-title":"Structure and function in native and pathological erythrocytes: A quantitative view from the nanoscale","volume":"43","author":"Girasole","year":"2012","journal-title":"Micron"},{"key":"ref_197","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2732","DOI":"10.1002\/jmr.2732","article-title":"Insight into the Morphological Pattern Observed Along the Erythrocytes\u2019 Aging: Coupling Quantitative AFM Data to microcalorimetry and Raman spectroscopy","volume":"31","author":"Dinarelli","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Mol. Recognit."},{"key":"ref_198","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1827","DOI":"10.1007\/s10237-020-01311-w","article-title":"Deformation behaviour of stomatocyte, discocyte and echinocyte red blood cell morphologies during optical tweezers stretching","volume":"19","author":"Geekiyanage","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biomech. Model. Mechanobiol."},{"key":"ref_199","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micron.2010.08.004","article-title":"Detection of erythrocytes in patient with elliptocytosis complicating ITP using atomic force microscopy","volume":"42","author":"Xing","year":"2011","journal-title":"Micron"},{"key":"ref_200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1097\/01.wco.0000173464.01888.e9","article-title":"Neuroacanthocytosis","volume":"18","author":"Danek","year":"2005","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, J. (2017). Novel Implications of Exosomes in Diagnosis and Treatment of Cancer and Infectious Diseases, InTechOpen.","DOI":"10.5772\/65504"},{"key":"ref_202","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Malka, R., Delgado, F.F., Manalis, S.R., and Higgins, J.M. (2014). In vivo volume and hemoglobin dynamics of human red blood cells. PLoS Comput. Biol., 10.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1003839"},{"key":"ref_203","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e6843","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000006843","article-title":"Altered peripheral profile of blood cells in Alzheimer disease: A hospital-based case-control study","volume":"96","author":"Chen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"key":"ref_204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2016.11.007","article-title":"Lower hemoglobin levels in patients with parkinson\u2019s disease are associated with disease severity and iron metabolism","volume":"1655","author":"Deng","year":"2017","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"ref_205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-8993(97)00824-X","article-title":"A\u03b225\u201335 induces rapid lysis of red blood cells: Contrast with A\u03b21\u201342 and examination of underlying mechanisms","volume":"771","author":"Mattson","year":"1997","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"ref_206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1007\/978-0-387-74911-2_4","article-title":"Do red blood cell-\u03b2-amyloid interactions alter oxygen delivery in Alzheimer\u2019s disease?","volume":"614","author":"Mohanty","year":"2008","journal-title":"Adv. Exp. Med. Biol."},{"key":"ref_207","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"845","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-170363","article-title":"Exploring Erythrocytes as Blood Biomarkers for Alzheimer\u2019s Disease","volume":"60","author":"Stevenson","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Alzheimer\u2019s Dis."},{"key":"ref_208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afv009","article-title":"The peripheral blood of A\u03b2 binding RBC as a biomarker for diagnosis of Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"44","author":"Lan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Age Ageing"},{"key":"ref_209","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.3389\/fnmol.2018.00053","article-title":"\u03b1-Synuclein Heterocomplexes with \u03b2-Amyloid Are Increased in Red Blood Cells of Parkinson\u2019s Disease Patients and Correlate with Disease Severity","volume":"11","author":"Daniele","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Mol. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2015.05.030","article-title":"Detection of \u03b1-synuclein oligomers in red blood cells as a potential biomarker of Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"599","author":"Wang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neurosci. Lett."},{"key":"ref_211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1186\/s40035-019-0155-y","article-title":"Erythrocytic \u03b1-Synuclein as a potential biomarker for Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"8","author":"Tian","year":"2019","journal-title":"Transl. Neurodegener."},{"key":"ref_212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1186\/s40478-017-0470-4","article-title":"Transmission of \u03b1-synuclein-containing erythrocyte-derived extracellular vesicles across the blood-brain barrier via adsorptive mediated transcytosis: Another mechanism for initiation and progression of Parkinson\u2019s disease?","volume":"5","author":"Matsumoto","year":"2017","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol. Commun."},{"key":"ref_213","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2006.09.002","article-title":"The enigma of mixed dementia","volume":"3","author":"Jellinger","year":"2007","journal-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s Dement."},{"key":"ref_214","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.3233\/CH-162066","article-title":"Identification of erythrocyte biomarkers in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis","volume":"63","author":"Lima","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin. Hemorheol. Microcirc."},{"key":"ref_215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17008","DOI":"10.1038\/natrevmats.2017.8","article-title":"Atomic force microscopy-based characterization and design of biointerfaces","volume":"2","author":"Alsteens","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Mater."},{"key":"ref_216","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e9130004","DOI":"10.26599\/NTM.2022.9130004","article-title":"Atomic force microscopy: A nanobiotechnology for cellular research","volume":"1","author":"Guan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nano Trans. Med."},{"key":"ref_217","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cis.2017.05.011","article-title":"Atomic force microscopy: From red blood cells to immunohaematology","volume":"249","author":"Yeow","year":"2017","journal-title":"Adv. Colloid Interface Sci."},{"key":"ref_218","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1038\/nnano.2017.45","article-title":"Imaging modes of atomic force microscopy for application in molecular and cell biology","volume":"12","author":"Ando","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. Nanotechnol."},{"key":"ref_219","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Garc\u00eda-Arribas, A.B., Go\u00f1i, F.M., and Alonso, A. (2021). Lipid Self-Assemblies under the Atomic Force Microscope. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 22.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms221810085"},{"key":"ref_220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jviromet.2006.12.006","article-title":"Use of atomic force microscopy as a diagnostic tool to identify orthopoxvirus","volume":"141","author":"Trindade","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Virol. Methods"},{"key":"ref_221","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1038\/s43586-021-00062-x","article-title":"Force spectroscopy of single cells using atomic force microscopy","volume":"1","author":"Viljoen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Methods Primers"},{"key":"ref_222","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1038\/s42254-018-0001-7","article-title":"Atomic force microscopy-based mechanobiology","volume":"1","author":"Krieg","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Phys."},{"key":"ref_223","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1038\/nnano.2009.77","article-title":"Atomic force microscopy detects differences in the surface brush of normal and cancerous cells","volume":"4","author":"Iyer","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat. Nanotechnol."},{"key":"ref_224","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"780","DOI":"10.1038\/nnano.2007.388","article-title":"Nanomechanical analysis of cells from cancer patients","volume":"2","author":"Cross","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nat. Nanotechnol."},{"key":"ref_225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"757","DOI":"10.1038\/nnano.2012.167","article-title":"The nanomechanical signature of breast cancer","volume":"7","author":"Plodinec","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat. Nanotechnol."},{"key":"ref_226","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12920","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1816459115","article-title":"Noninvasive diagnostic imaging using machine-learning analysis of nanoresolution images of cell surfaces: Detection of bladder cancer","volume":"115","author":"Sokolov","year":"2018","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_227","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1016\/1047-8477(90)90098-W","article-title":"Imaging cells with the atomic force microscope","volume":"105","author":"Butt","year":"1990","journal-title":"J. Struct. Biol."},{"key":"ref_228","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1116\/1.576398","article-title":"From atoms to integrated-circuit chips, blood cells and bacteria with the atomic force microscope","volume":"8","author":"Gould","year":"1990","journal-title":"J. Vac. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref_229","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"472","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2141.1996.tb08991.x","article-title":"Imaging red blood cells with the atomic force microscope","volume":"95","author":"Snauwaert","year":"1996","journal-title":"Br. J. Haematol."},{"key":"ref_230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1287","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micron.2011.10.018","article-title":"Detection of human erythrocytes influenced by iron deficiency anemia and thalassemia using atomic force microscopy","volume":"43","author":"Zhang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Micron"},{"key":"ref_231","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Strijkova-Kenderova, V., Todinova, S., Andreeva, T., Bogdanova, D., Langari, A., Danailova, A., Krumova, S., Zlatareva, E., Kalaydzhiev, N., and Milanov, I. (2022). Morphometry and Stiffness of Red Blood Cells\u2014Signatures of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Aging. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 23.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23010227"},{"key":"ref_232","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1268","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbamem.2007.01.014","article-title":"Roughness of the plasma membrane as an independent morphological parameter to study RBCs: A quantitative atomic force microscopy investigation","volume":"1768","author":"Girasole","year":"2007","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta"},{"key":"ref_233","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1002\/jmr.2170","article-title":"Structural, morphological and nanomechanical characterisation of intermediate states in the ageing of erythrocytes","volume":"25","author":"Girasole","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Mol. Recognit."},{"key":"ref_234","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"955","DOI":"10.1515\/BC.2004.124","article-title":"Imaging morphological details and pathological differences of red blood cells using tapping-mode AFM","volume":"385","author":"Kamruzzahan","year":"2004","journal-title":"Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbbm.2005.11.003","article-title":"Stiffness of normal and pathological erythrocytes studied by means of atomic force microscopy","volume":"66","author":"Targosz","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Biochem. Biophys. Methods"},{"key":"ref_236","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17030","DOI":"10.1039\/C5NR03145A","article-title":"Mapping viscoelastic properties of healthy and pathological red blood cells at the nanoscale level","volume":"7","author":"Ciasca","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nanoscale"},{"key":"ref_237","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1002\/sca.21008","article-title":"Detection of erythrocytes in patients with multiple myeloma using atomic force microscopy","volume":"34","author":"Zhang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Scanning"},{"key":"ref_238","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1093\/abbs\/gmu015","article-title":"Detection of erythrocytes in patients with Waldenstr\u00f6m macroglobulinemia using atomic force microscopy","volume":"46","author":"Liu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Acta Biochim. Biophys. Sin."},{"key":"ref_239","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cluitmans, J.C.A., Tomelleri, C., Yapici, Z., Dinkla, S., Bovee-Geurts, P., Chokkalingam, V., De Franceschi, L., Brock, R., and Bosman, G.J. (2015). Abnormal Red Cell Structure and Function in Neuroacanthocytosis. PLoS ONE, 10.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0125580"},{"key":"ref_240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sot, J., Garc\u00eda-Arribas, A.B., Abad, B., Arranz, S., Portune, K., Andrade, F., Mart\u00edn-Nieto, A., Velasco, O., Arana, E., and Tueros, I. (2022). Erythrocyte Membrane Nanomechanical Rigidity Is Decreased in Obese Patients. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 23.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23031920"},{"key":"ref_241","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kozlova, E., Sergunova, V., Sherstyukova, E., Gudkova, O., Kozlov, A., Inozemtsev, V., Lyapunova, S., and Chernysh, A. (2022). Topological Relationships Cytoskeleton-Membrane Nanosurface-Morphology as a Basic Mechanism of Total Disorders of RBC Structures. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 23.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23042045"},{"key":"ref_242","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9213074","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/9213074","article-title":"Mean Platelet Volume (MPV): New Perspectives for an Old Marker in the Course and Prognosis of Inflammatory Conditions","volume":"2019","author":"Korniluk","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mediat. Inflamm."},{"key":"ref_243","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V45.4.551.551","article-title":"The relation of thrombokinetics to bone marrow megakaryocytes in idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP)","volume":"45","author":"Kutti","year":"1975","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_244","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1538-7836.2009.03584.x","article-title":"Mean platelet volume as a predictor of cardiovascular risk: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"8","author":"Chu","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Thromb. Haemost."},{"key":"ref_245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.3109\/01913123.2010.541985","article-title":"Ultrastructural Variations in Platelets and Platelet Mitochondria: A Novel Feature in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis","volume":"35","author":"Shrivastava","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ultrastruct. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_246","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/13.2.101","article-title":"Low serum vitamin B12 in Alzheimer-type dementia","volume":"13","author":"Cole","year":"1984","journal-title":"Age Ageing"},{"key":"ref_247","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1066","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biochi.2012.11.017","article-title":"Vitamin B12 in neurology and ageing; Clinical and genetic aspects","volume":"95","author":"McCaddon","year":"2013","journal-title":"Biochimie"},{"key":"ref_248","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.54.5.415","article-title":"Macrocytosis in multiple sclerosis. A study in 82 de novo Arab patients","volume":"54","author":"Khojali","year":"1991","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_249","unstructured":"Bandaru, S.S., Killeen, R.B., and Gupta, V. (2023, August 10). Poikilocytosis, StatPearls [Internet], Available online: https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK562141\/."},{"key":"ref_250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kozlova, E., Sherstyukova, E., Sergunova, V., Grechko, A., Kuzovlev, A., Lyapunova, S., Inozemtsev, V., Kozlov, A., and Chernysh, A. (2023). Atomic Force Microscopy and High-Resolution Spectrophotometry for Study of Anoxemia and Normoxemia in Model Experiment In Vitro. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 24.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms241311043"},{"key":"ref_251","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2013.00088","article-title":"High ferritin levels have major effects on the morphology of erythrocytes in Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"5","author":"Bester","year":"2013","journal-title":"Front. Aging Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_252","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"788","DOI":"10.18632\/aging.100695","article-title":"Eryptosis as a marker of Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"6","author":"Pretorius","year":"2014","journal-title":"Aging"},{"key":"ref_253","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Todinova, S., Krumova, S., Bogdanova, D., Danailova, A., Zlatareva, E., Kalaydzhiev, N., Langari, A., Milanov, I., and Taneva, S.G. (2021). Red Blood Cells\u2019 Thermodynamic Behavior in Neurodegenerative Pathologies and Aging. Biomolecules, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/biom11101500"},{"key":"ref_254","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Strijkova, V., Todinova, S., Andreeva, T., Langari, A., Bogdanova, D., Zlatareva, E., Kalaydzhiev, N., Milanov, I., and Taneva, S.G. (2022). Platelets\u2019 Nanomechanics and Morphology in Neurodegenerative Pathologies. Biomedicines, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines10092239"},{"key":"ref_255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2017.03.009","article-title":"Comparison of ultrastructural and nanomechanical signature of platelets from acute myocardial infarction and platelet activation","volume":"486","author":"Li","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"ref_256","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111692","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yexcr.2019.111692","article-title":"Alterations to the contents of plasma membrane structural lipids are associated with structural changes and compartmentalization in platelets in hypertension","volume":"385","author":"Cerecedo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Exp. Cell Res."},{"key":"ref_257","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-015-0249-5","article-title":"Platelet hyperactivity and fibrin clot structure in transient ischemic attack individuals in the presence of metabolic syndrome: A microscopy and thromboelastography study","volume":"14","author":"Duim","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. Diabetol."},{"key":"ref_258","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Andreeva, T., Komsa-Penkova, R., Langari, A., Krumova, S., Golemanov, G., Georgieva, G.B., Taneva, S.G., Giosheva, I., Mihaylova, N., and Tchorbanov, A. (2021). Morphometric and Nanomechanical Features of Platelets from Women with Early Pregnancy Loss Provide New Evidence of the Impact of Inherited Thrombophilia. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 22.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22157778"},{"key":"ref_259","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.3233\/CH-199007","article-title":"Amyloid \u03b2 peptide affects erythrocyte morphology: Role of intracellular signaling pathways","volume":"71","author":"Dinarelli","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin. Hemorheol. Microcirc."},{"key":"ref_260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbamem.2018.07.009","article-title":"Morphological changes induced in erythrocyte by amyloid beta peptide and glucose depletion: A combined atomic force microscopy and biochemical study","volume":"1861","author":"Dinarelli","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta (BBA) Biomembr."},{"key":"ref_261","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"728","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2017.00728","article-title":"Metabolic Abnormalities of Erythrocytes as a Risk Factor for Alzheimer\u2019s Disease","volume":"11","author":"Kosenko","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_262","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3688","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.96.7.3688","article-title":"In situ atomic force microscopy study of Alzheimer\u2019s b-amyloid peptide on different substrates: New insights into mechanism of b-sheet formation","volume":"96","author":"Kowalewski","year":"1999","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_263","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Banerjee, S., Hashemi, M., Zagorski, K., and Lyubchenko, Y.L. (2020). Interaction of A\u03b242 with Membranes Triggers the Self-Assembly into Oligomers. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 21.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21031129"},{"key":"ref_264","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Feuillie, C., Lambert, E., Ewald, M., Azouz, M., Henry, S., Marsaudon, S., Cullin, C., Lecomte, S., and Molinari, M. (2020). High Speed AFM and NanoInfrared Spectroscopy Investigation of A\u03b21-42 Peptide Variants and Their Interaction With POPC\/SM\/Chol\/GM1 Model Membranes. Front. Mol. Biosci., 7.","DOI":"10.3389\/fmolb.2020.571696"},{"key":"ref_265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5835","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1524807113","article-title":"High-speed atomic force microscopy reveals structural dynamics of amyloid \u03b21-42 aggregates","volume":"113","author":"Ono","year":"2016","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_266","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12202","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.7b05434","article-title":"Nanoscale Dynamics of Amyloid \u03b2-42 Oligomers As Revealed by High-Speed Atomic Force Microscopy","volume":"11","author":"Banerjee","year":"2017","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"ref_267","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4004","DOI":"10.1038\/srep04004","article-title":"Ultrasonic force microscopy for nanomechanical characterization of early and late-stage amyloid-\u03b2 peptide aggregation","volume":"4","author":"Mayes","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_268","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7230","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1721220115","article-title":"Identification and nanomechanical characterization of the fundamental single-strand protofilaments of amyloid \u03b1-synuclein fibrils","volume":"115","author":"Ruggeri","year":"2018","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_269","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm3810","article-title":"The amyloid state and its association with protein misfolding diseases","volume":"15","author":"Knowles","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol."},{"key":"ref_270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5213","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.9b09676","article-title":"The Influence of Pathogenic Mutations in \u03b1-Synuclein on Biophysical and Structural Characteristics of Amyloid Fibrils","volume":"14","author":"Ruggeri","year":"2020","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"ref_271","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11902","DOI":"10.1039\/D0SC05297C","article-title":"The extent of protein hydration dictates the preference for heterogeneous or homogeneous nucleation generating either parallel or antiparallel \u03b2-sheet \u03b1-synuclein aggregates","volume":"11","author":"Camino","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chem. Sci."},{"key":"ref_272","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2462","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201409050","article-title":"Influence of the \u03b2-sheet content on the mechanical properties of aggregates during amyloid fibrillization","volume":"54","author":"Ruggeri","year":"2015","journal-title":"Angew. Chem.-Int. Ed."},{"key":"ref_273","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.1038\/35081564","article-title":"Alpha-synuclein and neurodegenerative diseases","volume":"2","author":"Goedert","year":"2001","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_274","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"053702","DOI":"10.1063\/1.4803449","article-title":"Wide-area scanner for high-speed atomic force microscopy","volume":"84","author":"Watanabe","year":"2013","journal-title":"Rev. Sci. Instrum."},{"key":"ref_275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2131","DOI":"10.1038\/srep02131","article-title":"High-speed atomic force microscopy combined with inverted optical microscopy for studying cellular events","volume":"3","author":"Suzuki","year":"2013","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_276","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13003","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-92365-y","article-title":"An ultra-wide scanner for large-area high-speed atomic force microscopy with megapixel resolution","volume":"11","author":"Marchesi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_277","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1365","DOI":"10.1366\/12-06804","article-title":"AFM-IR: Combining atomic force microscopy and infrared spectroscopy for nanoscale chemical characterization","volume":"66","author":"Dazzi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Appl. Spectrosc."},{"key":"ref_278","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5146","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemrev.6b00448","article-title":"AFM-IR: Technology and applications in nanoscale infrared spectroscopy and chemical imaging","volume":"117","author":"Dazzi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Chem. Rev."},{"key":"ref_279","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1275","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jpclett.5b00108","article-title":"Infrared chemical nano-imaging: Accessing structure, coupling, and dynamics on molecular length scales","volume":"6","author":"Muller","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Phys. Chem. Lett."},{"key":"ref_280","first-page":"103","article-title":"Time-lapse atomic force microscopy in the characterization of amyloid-like fibril assembly and oligomeric intermediates","volume":"299","author":"Goldsbury","year":"2005","journal-title":"Methods Mol. Biol."},{"key":"ref_281","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1002\/cphc.201701067","article-title":"Tip-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy: A Tool for Nanoscale Chemical and Structural Characterization of Biomolecules","volume":"9","author":"Bonhommeau","year":"2018","journal-title":"ChemPhysChem"},{"key":"ref_282","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1007\/s00216-018-1392-0","article-title":"Tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy: Principles, practice, and applications to nanospectroscopic imaging of 2D materials","volume":"411","author":"Shao","year":"2019","journal-title":"Anal. Bioanal. Chem."},{"key":"ref_283","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2840-12-25","article-title":"Changes in red blood cell membrane structure in type 2 diabetes: A scanning electron and atomic force microscopy study","volume":"12","author":"Buys","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. Diabetol."},{"key":"ref_284","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.3390\/hemato4010009","article-title":"Scanning Electron and Atomic Force Microscopic Analysis of Erythrocytes in a Cohort of Atopic Asthma Patients\u2014A Pilot Study","volume":"4","author":"Alummoottil","year":"2023","journal-title":"Hemato"},{"key":"ref_285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbagen.2017.07.010","article-title":"Applications of high-speed atomic force microscopy to real-time visualization of dynamic biomolecular processes, Biochim","volume":"1862","author":"Uchihashi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biophys. Acta-Gen. Subj."},{"key":"ref_286","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12468","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.211400898","article-title":"A high-speed atomic force microscope for studying biological macromolecules","volume":"98","author":"Ando","year":"2001","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_287","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Milhiet, P.E., Yamamoto, D., Berthoumieu, O., Dosset, P., le Grimellec, C., Verdier, J.M., Marchal, S., and Ando, T. (2010). Deciphering the structure, growth and assembly of amyloid-like fibrils using high-speed atomic force microscopy. PLoS ONE, 5.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0013240"},{"key":"ref_288","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"033703","DOI":"10.1063\/1.4978285","article-title":"High-throughput atomic force microscopes operating in parallel","volume":"88","author":"Sadeghian","year":"2017","journal-title":"Rev. Sci. Instrum."},{"key":"ref_289","first-page":"e65210","article-title":"Active Probe Atomic Force Microscopy with Quattro-Parallel Cantilever Arrays for High-Throughput Large-Scale Sample Inspection","volume":"196","author":"Xia","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Vis. Exp."},{"key":"ref_290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1006\/mvre.2001.2307","article-title":"Direct measurement of erythrocyte deformability in diabetes mellitus with a transparent microchannel capillary model and high-speed video camera system","volume":"61","author":"Tsukada","year":"2001","journal-title":"Microvasc. Res."},{"key":"ref_291","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tomaiuolo, G. (2014). Biomechanical properties of red blood cells in health and disease towards microfluidics. Biomicrofluidics, 8.","DOI":"10.1063\/1.4895755"},{"key":"ref_292","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"576","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2020.00576","article-title":"Mechanical Signature of Red Blood Cells Flowing Out of a Microfluidic Constriction Is Impacted by Membrane Elasticity, Cell Surface-to-Volume Ratio and Diseases","volume":"11","author":"Faivre","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_293","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2464","DOI":"10.1039\/c3lc50355k","article-title":"Recent advances in microfluidic techniques for single-cell biophysical characterization","volume":"13","author":"Zheng","year":"2013","journal-title":"Lab Chip"},{"key":"ref_294","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1007\/s13206-014-8107-1","article-title":"Extensional flow-based microfluidic device: Deformability assessment of red blood cells in contact with tumor cells","volume":"8","author":"Faustino","year":"2014","journal-title":"Biochip J."},{"key":"ref_295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Faustino, V., Rodrigues, R.O., Pinho, D., Costa, E., Santos-Silva, A., Miranda, V., Amaral, J.S., and Lima, R. (2019). A microfluidic deformability assessment of pathological red blood cells flowing in a hyperbolic converging microchannel. Micromachines, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/mi10100645"},{"key":"ref_296","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mvr.2011.03.004","article-title":"Start-up shape dynamics of red blood cells in microcapillary flow","volume":"82","author":"Tomaiuolo","year":"2011","journal-title":"Microvasc. Res."},{"key":"ref_297","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11240","DOI":"10.1039\/c2sm26513c","article-title":"Hydrodynamic deformation reveals two coupled modes\/time scales of red blood cell relaxation","volume":"8","author":"Schmid","year":"2012","journal-title":"Soft Matter"},{"key":"ref_298","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2126","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpj.2015.03.046","article-title":"Viscoelastic transient of confined red blood cells","volume":"108","author":"Prado","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biophys. J."},{"key":"ref_299","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1700489","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.201700489","article-title":"In Vitro Microfluidic Models for Neurodegenerative Disorders","volume":"7","author":"Osaki","year":"2018","journal-title":"Adv. Healthc. Mater."}],"container-title":["International Journal of Molecular Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/24\/18\/14296\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T20:53:52Z","timestamp":1760129632000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/24\/18\/14296"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,19]]},"references-count":299,"journal-issue":{"issue":"18","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9]]}},"alternative-id":["ijms241814296"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms241814296","relation":{},"ISSN":["1422-0067"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1422-0067","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,19]]}}}