{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,9]],"date-time":"2026-05-09T13:57:00Z","timestamp":1778335020050,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"18","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,20]],"date-time":"2023-09-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1695168000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Korea Basic Science Institute (National Research Facilities and Equipment Center) funded by the Korean Ministry of Education","award":["2021R1A6C101A425"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021R1A6C101A425"]}]},{"name":"Korea Basic Science Institute (National Research Facilities and Equipment Center) funded by the Korean Ministry of Education","award":["2020R1C1C1011074"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020R1C1C1011074"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by MSIT","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021R1A6C101A425"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021R1A6C101A425"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by MSIT","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2020R1C1C1011074"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020R1C1C1011074"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Axon regeneration is essential for successful recovery after peripheral nerve injury. Although growth cone reformation and axonal extension are crucial steps in axonal regeneration, the regulatory mechanisms underlying these dynamic processes are poorly understood. Here, we identify \u03b2Pix (Arhgef7), the guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rac1 GTPase, as a regulator of axonal regeneration. After sciatic nerve injury in mice, the expression levels of \u03b2Pix increase significantly in nerve segments containing regenerating axons. In regrowing axons, \u03b2Pix is localized in the peripheral domain of the growth cone. Using \u03b2Pix neuronal isoform knockout (NIKO) mice in which the neuronal isoforms of \u03b2Pix are specifically removed, we demonstrate that \u03b2Pix promotes neurite outgrowth in cultured dorsal root ganglion neurons and in vivo axon regeneration after sciatic nerve crush injury. Activation of cJun and STAT3 in the cell bodies is not affected in \u03b2Pix NIKO mice, supporting the local action of \u03b2Pix in regenerating axons. Finally, inhibiting Src, a kinase previously identified as an activator of the \u03b2Pix neuronal isoform, causes axon outgrowth defects in vitro, like those found in the \u03b2Pix NIKO neurons. Altogether, these data indicate that \u03b2Pix plays an important role in axonal regrowth during peripheral nerve regeneration.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms241814357","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,20]],"date-time":"2023-09-20T21:26:32Z","timestamp":1695245192000},"page":"14357","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["\u03b2Pix Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factor Regulates Regeneration of Injured Peripheral Axons"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7082-1969","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yewon","family":"Jeon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Peripheral Neuropathy Research Center (PNRC), Department of Molecular Neuroscience, College of Medicine, Dong-A University, Busan 49201, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7812-778X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yoon Kyung","family":"Shin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Peripheral Neuropathy Research Center (PNRC), Department of Molecular Neuroscience, College of Medicine, Dong-A University, Busan 49201, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hwigyeong","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Peripheral Neuropathy Research Center (PNRC), Department of Molecular Neuroscience, College of Medicine, Dong-A University, Busan 49201, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Department of Translational Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Dong-A University, Busan 49201, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yun Young","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Peripheral Neuropathy Research Center (PNRC), Department of Molecular Neuroscience, College of Medicine, Dong-A University, Busan 49201, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Minjae","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Peripheral Neuropathy Research Center (PNRC), Department of Molecular Neuroscience, College of Medicine, Dong-A University, Busan 49201, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Department of Translational Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Dong-A University, Busan 49201, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Younghee","family":"Kwon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yongcheol","family":"Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Brain Sciences, DGIST, Daegu 42899, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sung Wook","family":"Chi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8502-7979","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jung Eun","family":"Shin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Peripheral Neuropathy Research Center (PNRC), Department of Molecular Neuroscience, College of Medicine, Dong-A University, Busan 49201, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Department of Translational Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Dong-A University, Busan 49201, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1038\/s41583-018-0001-8","article-title":"Intrinsic Mechanisms of Neuronal Axon Regeneration","volume":"19","author":"Mahar","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. 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