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Nanobiotechnology","award":["APQ-02872-16"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["APQ-02872-16"]}]},{"name":"National Institute of Science and Technology in Theranostics and Nanobiotechnology","award":["APQ-00476-20"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["APQ-00476-20"]}]},{"name":"National Institute of Science and Technology in Theranostics and Nanobiotechnology","award":["APQ-02148-21"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["APQ-02148-21"]}]},{"name":"National Institute of Science and Technology in Theranostics and Nanobiotechnology","award":["406840\/2022-9"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["406840\/2022-9"]}]},{"name":"National Institute of Science and Technology in Theranostics and Nanobiotechnology","award":["465669\/2014-0"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["465669\/2014-0"]}]},{"name":"National Institute of Science and Technology in Theranostics and Nanobiotechnology","award":["APQ-03613-17"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["APQ-03613-17"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In this narrative review, we aim to point out the close relationship between mpox virus (MPXV) infection and the role of saliva as a diagnostic tool for mpox, considering the current molecular approach and in the perspective of OMICs application. The MPXV uses the host cell\u2019s rough endoplasmic reticulum, ribosomes, and cytoplasmic proteins to replicate its genome and synthesize virions for cellular exit. The presence of oral mucosa lesions associated with mpox infection is one of the first signs of infection; however, current diagnostic tools find it difficult to detect the virus before the rashes begin. MPXV transmission occurs through direct contact with an infected lesion and infected body fluids, including saliva, presenting a potential use of this fluid for diagnostic purposes. Currently available diagnostic tests for MPXV detection are performed either by real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) or ELISA, which presents several limitations since they are invasive tests. Despite current clinical trials with restricted sample size, MPXV DNA was detected in saliva with a sensitivity of 85%\u2013100%. In this context, the application of transcriptomics, metabolomics, lipidomics, or proteomics analyses coupled with saliva can identify novel disease biomarkers. Thus, it is important to note that the identification and quantification of salivary DNA, RNA, lipid, protein, and metabolite can provide novel non-invasive biomarkers through the use of OMICs platforms aiding in the early detection and diagnosis of MPXV infection. Untargeted mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomics reveals that some proteins also expressed in saliva were detected with greater expression differences in blood plasma when comparing mpox patients and healthy subjects, suggesting a promising alternative to be applied in screening or diagnostic platforms for mpox salivary diagnostics coupled to OMICs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms241814362","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,21]],"date-time":"2023-09-21T04:53:05Z","timestamp":1695271985000},"page":"14362","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Oral Infection, Oral Pathology and Salivary Diagnostics of Mpox Disease: Relevance in Dentistry and OMICs Perspectives"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9724-6503","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marcelo Augusto","family":"Garcia-Junior","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Innovation Center in Salivary Diagnostics and Nanobiotechnology, Laboratory of Nanobiotechnology \u2013 \u201cLuiz Ricardo Goulart\u201d, Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberl\u00e2ndia 38496-017, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8031-9454","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bruno Silva","family":"Andrade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Bioinformatics and Computational Chemistry, Department of Biological Sciences, State University of Southwest of Bahia (UESB), Jequi\u00e9 45083-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Guevara-Vega","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Innovation Center in Salivary Diagnostics and Nanobiotechnology, Laboratory of Nanobiotechnology \u2013 \u201cLuiz Ricardo Goulart\u201d, Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberl\u00e2ndia 38496-017, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Igor Santana","family":"de Melo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Histology and Embryology, Institute of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Alagoas (UFAL), Macei\u00f3 57072-260, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Th\u00falio M.","family":"Cunha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pulmonology, School of Medicine, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberl\u00e2ndia 38496-017, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6348-7923","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana Carolina Gomes","family":"Jardim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Antiviral Research, Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberl\u00e2ndia 38496-017, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2104-5780","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Robinson","family":"Sabino-Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Innovation Center in Salivary Diagnostics and Nanobiotechnology, Laboratory of Nanobiotechnology \u2013 \u201cLuiz Ricardo Goulart\u201d, Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberl\u00e2ndia 38496-017, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization (2022). 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