{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T03:29:09Z","timestamp":1787801349553,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"20","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,11]],"date-time":"2023-10-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1696982400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Korea Health Technology R &amp; D Project through the Korea Health Industry Development Institute (KHIDI) and Korea Dementia Research Center (KDRC)","award":["HU20C0315"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HU20C0315"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Health &amp; Welfare and Ministry of Science and ICT","award":["HU20C0315"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HU20C0315"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Recent studies have demonstrated the pivotal role of locus coeruleus (LC) and salience network (SN) resting state functional connectivity (rsFC) changes in the early stage of Alzheimer\u2019s disease (AD). Moreover, sex has been a crucial point of discussion in understanding AD pathology. We aimed to demonstrate the sex-related disparities in the functional connectivity (FC) of the SN and LC in preclinical AD. A total of 89 cognitively normal patients with evidence of amyloid beta (A\u03b2) accumulation ([18F] flutemetamol +) were recruited in the study. A seed-to-voxel analysis was conducted to measure the LC and SN rsFC differences between sexes. In addition, sex by A\u03b2 interactive effects on FC values were analyzed with a general linear model. There were statistically significant sex by regional standardized uptake value ratio (SUVR) interactions in the LC FC with the parietal, frontal, and occipital cortices. Moreover, there was a significant sex by global SUVR interaction in the SN FC with the temporal cortex. The findings suggest that there are differential patterns of LC FC and SN FC in males and females with preclinical AD, which interact with regional A\u03b2 deposition.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms242015092","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,12]],"date-time":"2023-10-12T03:07:47Z","timestamp":1697080067000},"page":"15092","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Sex-Related Disparities in the Resting State Functional Connectivity of the Locus Coeruelus and Salience Network in Preclinical Alzheimer\u2019s Disease"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3403-4140","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yoo Hyun","family":"Um","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, St. Vincent\u2019s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sheng-Min","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Yeouido St. Mary\u2019s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3289-075X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dong Woo","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Seoul St. Mary\u2019s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6455-4369","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sunghwan","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Yeouido St. Mary\u2019s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chang Uk","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Seoul St. Mary\u2019s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Donghyeon","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Institute, Neurophet Inc., Seoul 08380, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8921-749X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yeong Sim","family":"Choe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Institute, Neurophet Inc., Seoul 08380, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2578-0069","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Regina E. Y.","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Institute, Neurophet Inc., Seoul 08380, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Soyoung","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8742-3409","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hyun Kook","family":"Lim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Yeouido St. Mary\u2019s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2941","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.25369","article-title":"Diagnostic power of resting-state fMRI for detection of network connectivity in Alzheimer\u2019s disease and mild cognitive impairment: A systematic review","volume":"42","author":"Ibrahim","year":"2021","journal-title":"Hum. 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