{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]],"date-time":"2026-04-23T10:38:14Z","timestamp":1776940694848,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"20","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,13]],"date-time":"2023-10-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1697155200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Russian Science Foundation","award":["21-65-00004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21-65-00004"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJMS"],"abstract":"<jats:p>TCR-like chimeric antigen receptor (CAR-T) cell therapy has emerged as a game-changing strategy in cancer immunotherapy, offering a broad spectrum of potential antigen targets, particularly in solid tumors containing intracellular antigens. In this study, we investigated the cytotoxicity and functional attributes of in vitro-generated T-lymphocytes, engineered with a TCR-like CAR receptor precisely targeting the cancer testis antigen MAGE-A4. Through viral transduction, T-cells were genetically modified to express the TCR-like CAR receptor and co-cultured with MAGE-A4-expressing tumor cells. Flow cytometry analysis revealed a significant surge in cells expressing activation markers CD69, CD107a, and FasL upon encountering tumor cells, indicating robust T-cell activation and cytotoxicity. Moreover, immune transcriptome profiling unveiled heightened expression of pivotal T-effector genes involved in immune response and cell proliferation regulation. Additionally, multiplex assays also revealed increased cytokine production and cytotoxicity driven by granzymes and soluble Fas ligand (sFasL), suggesting enhanced anti-tumor immune responses. Preliminary in vivo investigations revealed a significant deceleration in tumor growth, highlighting the therapeutic potential of these TCR-like CAR-T cells. Further investigations are warranted to validate these revelations fully and harness the complete potential of TCR-like CAR-T cells in overcoming cancer\u2019s resilient defenses.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms242015134","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,13]],"date-time":"2023-10-13T06:07:26Z","timestamp":1697177246000},"page":"15134","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Exploring TCR-like CAR-Engineered Lymphocyte Cytotoxicity against MAGE-A4"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4395-5822","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alaa","family":"Alsalloum","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution Research Institute of Fundamental and Clinical Immunology, 630099 Novosibirsk, Russia"},{"name":"Faculty of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State 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